PUB. AD. Optional (Paradigms of Public Administration) by Rajiv Ranjan Choudhary
- Category
Optional - Test Date
28-09-2022 07:00 AM
To participate in answer writing program, Register yourself for the test. Copies will be evaluated only for the registered students. Registration will be closed after the scheduled date.
48 Hrs. Answer Writing, Copy Evaluation and Marks Improvement Cycle
- Step 1 (Answer Writing): Questions will be uploaded on the portal on the scheduled date at 7:00 AM. You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on the UPSC pattern. Mention your name on the 1st page and page number on each page. After writing the answer, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload in the comment section of the same question. Answers should be uploaded before 7:00 PM on the same day.
- Step 2 In Next 48 Hrs (Copy Evaluation & Discussion): After evaluation, the first 50 copies will be uploaded on the same comment box and will be sent to you. In the evening 8:00 PM marks improvement sessions for the test with respective faculty in a group will be conducted online. So that students can get a wider perspective of the topics. Here you can discuss your evaluated copies also with the faculty.
Instruction:
- Attempt both questions
- The test carries 30 marks.
- Write Each answer in 150 words.
- Any page left blank in the answer-book must be crossed out clearly.
- Evaluated Copy will be re-uploaded on the same thread after 2 days of uploading the copy.
- Discussion of the question and one to one answer improvement session of evaluated copies will be conducted through Google Meet with concerned faculty. You will be informed via mail or SMS for the discussion.
Question #1. During the stage of orthodoxy, the ‘public aspect’ of public administration was virtually lost. Explain.
Question #2. The major thrust of the New Public Administration is on enhancing the role and capacity of the public administration system to meet the challenges of social change and to direct it too. Explain.
(Examiner will pay special attention to the candidate's grasp of his/her material, its relevance to the subject chosen, and to his/ her ability to think constructively and to present his/her ideas concisely, logically and effectively).
Model Answer
Question #1. During the stage of orthodoxy, the ‘public aspect’ of public administration was virtually lost. Explain.
Approach:
- The focus of the question is on classical approach and its limitations.
- Introduction (meaning the stage of orthodoxy).
- The perspective of the question is evolutionary.
- Explain how the public aspect is missing.
- Conclusion on the line of its relevance with modification.
Hints:
This period of Public Administration saw the proposal of many theories on how government /organisation should best be conducted.
Orthodoxy means generally accepted theory. In this type of theory rule of thumb, various principles of classical thinkers like F.W. Taylor, Henry Fayol, Gullick & Urwick, Dwight Waldo etc. to increase the efficiency of the organisation.
The stage of orthodoxy is criticised as it completely ignored the public aspect of public administration as:
It neglects human dimension it is unscientific theory is empirically right but do not tested under
scientific conditions so the aspect of Sociological, psychological is neglected.
Believes in only economic motivation for workers. Doesn’t believe that workers are connected to an organization emotionally. Ignores influence of social groups on humans i.e., voluntaristic.
Mechanistic theory fails to explain dynamism in organization behaviour. Treats workers as cogs in machine
Treats organization as an isolated system from the environment. Subjective nature of rationality not considered i.e., behaviour of workers in organization different from actual behaviour.
Focus on structure of organization and work in a closed system.
However, these principles developed during orthodox stage cannot be ignored completely. Various scholars added public aspect in classical theories and make it more realistic and rational
Question #2. The major thrust of the New Public Administration is on enhancing the role and capacity of the public administration system to meet the challenges of social change and to direct it too. Explain.
Approach:
- The question focuses on NPA and its relevance for Public administration
- Explain NPA and its relevance for Pub Ad with the social angle in mind
- Substantiate and analyze its connection with challenges of social change as well as its ability to induce the change.
- Conclude on a positive note on how NPA has enriched Pub Ad and gave it wider orientation
Hints:
New Public Administration was a major trend which emerged in Public Administration at a time when it was under heavy criticism due to multiple ills of inefficiency in the government and government-related Service Delivery to citizens. It emerged at a time when there was a clear difference of opinion among the scholars of public administration, i.e. the difference of opinion on the future of Public administration amongst the young and old school. NPA advocated the urge to link more with social and humane aspects of Public Administration unlike the then hitherto mechanical aspect. The young scholars under Waldo assembled at Minnowbrook (1968), to discuss how the role of the government could be limited due to its ineffectiveness and efficiency in the government’s service delivery be increased. In this churning, they came up with 4 goals and 3 anti-goals to reimagine the role of public administration as an effective idea and reconceptualise the role of the state in public affairs. All this was undertaken to cater to the changing demands of public Administration.
Goals: relevance, value, equity and change.
Anti-Goals: Anti Hierarchical, Anti- bureaucratic, anti-technical
The lack of emotional, non-technical aspects was very less in the minds of the classical which led to inefficiency in the government systems. This approach was advocated to be replaced by NPA, which advocated greater participation of other actors and lessening the role of the government. This in turn led to the opening up of the mechanisms to other actors in decision making and working of public administration. This phenomenon led to the huge impact of NPA on social change as hitherto outsiders now had a stake. This not only enriched the social dimension of PUB but also made it more realistic apart from efficient, hence better able to meet the challenges of the social change.
NPA led to lowering the temperament of entrenched bureaucratic values and enriched it with social values of equity and caring for the vulnerable. The approach turned out to be flexible, malleable and more impactful in terms of efficiency of implementation.
This further not impacted the challenges of social change but also provided a new dimension to drive social change, wherein the citizens and stakeholders became more connected with the affairs of Public administration, making it more meaningful.
Thus, NPA not only redefined the contours of Public administration but is also a point where new breaks away from old, making it more meaningful, impactful and efficient in real terms.
Procedure of Answer Writing:
To participate in the answer writing program, Register yourself for the test. Copies will be evaluated only for the registered students. Registration will be closed after the scheduled date.
Answer Writing, Copy Evaluation, and Marks Improvement Cycle:
Step 1 (Theme, Details & Its Topics):
- Every round of Answer writing initiative will be around a theme related to the Subject/Topic.
- Please read the theme and its description, and try to cover the topics given within the theme before writing the answer along with the sources.
Step 2 (Answer Writing):
- Questions will be uploaded on the portal on the scheduled date at 7:00 AM.
- You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on the UPSC pattern.
- Mention your name, email id, location, and phone number on the 1st page in the top right corner and the page number on each page.
- After writing the answers, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload them in the upload section of the same question.
- Kindly submit your written answers before 7:00 PM. Only the first 100 copies will be considered for evaluation. No request for late submission or evaluation will be entertained once the 100 mark is reached.
Note: Answer sheets without the proper guidelines given above will not be accepted for evaluation.
Step 3 (Copy Evaluation): Copies will be evaluated in the next 72 hours of the test date. After evaluation, copies will be uploaded into your account. During the copy evaluation period, doubt clearing and discussion about the theme or topic of the test with respective mentors of the test will be done in the telegram group.
Step 4 (Mentorship): Evaluated copies will be sent to you via mail and also uploaded into your account on the website. After that a mentorship session for the marks improvement with respective faculty will be conducted on the Google Meet, so that students can get a wider perspective of the topics. Here you can discuss your evaluated copies also with the faculty. Top 5 copies of every test will be shared in the telegram group for reference.
Note: Aspirants who have not written the test can also participate in the mentorship session.
For Updates and Mentorship of the session, you will be notified through SMS or Telegram Group.
Note: You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on UPSC pattern. Mention Your Name on 1st page and Page Number on each page. After writing the answer, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload in the Your Answer Copy section of the same question.
Copy submission is closed now for this test.
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