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30th April 2024 (14 Topics)

Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)

Context

The financial intelligence unit (FIU) has issued a set of ‘alert indicators’ under the provisions of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) for capital markets, insurance companies, online payment gateway intermediaries and crypto currency service providers for effective checking of suspicious transactions in their channels as part of the anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing regime.

About FIU

  • Established in: 2004
  • It is a specialised agency under the Ministry of Finance.
  • Primary mandate:to serve as the central national agency responsible for receiving, processing, analysing and disseminating information related to suspicious financial transactions. These transactions could be indicative of money laundering, terrorist financing or other illegal activities.
  • Under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), certain categories of organisations are required to register with FIU-IND as reporting entities.
    • These include banks and financial institutions, stockbrokers and depository participants, payment system operators, insurance companies, mutual funds and asset management companies, among others.

Fact Box: About Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002

  • PMLA is an act to prevent money-laundering and to provide for confiscation of property derived from, or involved in, money-laundering and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
  • PMLA forms the core of the legal framework put in place by India to combat money laundering.
  • The PMLA and rules notified thereunder impose obligation on banking companies, financial institutions, and intermediaries and persons carrying on a designated business or profession, to verify identity of clients, maintain records and furnish information to FIU-IND.
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