Context

The tiger reserve is now among the top five habitats of resident and winter migratory birds in India.

Background

• Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve, renowned for safeguarding the greater one-horned rhinoceros, has recently reported a remarkable 27% increase in the number of resident and winter migratory waterbirds.
• The findings, unveiled through the fifth waterbird census, conducted under the citizen scientist initiative, reveal a flourishing avian community within the 1,302 sq. km wildlife preserve.

I.   A Birdwatcher's Haven: Kaziranga's Waterbird Census Results

The census, showcased a substantial rise in the waterbird population, recording a total of 84,839 birds. This marked an 18,063 increase from the previous census conducted in 2021-22.

II.  Kaziranga Among the Top Waterbird Habitats

Park officials announce that the recorded surge in waterbird numbers places Kaziranga among the top five habitats for waterbirds in the country.

III. Extensive Survey Efforts

• The census was conducted simultaneously across 115 waterbodies in three divisions of the Kaziranga Tiger Reserve - Eastern Assam Wildlife, Nagaon Wildlife, and Biswanath Wildlife.

Analysis:

• The substantial increase in the waterbird population is indicative of Kaziranga's robust conservation efforts and the health of its unique terrestrial and aquatic habitats.
• With over 50% of its landmass under grasslands and numerous water bodies, Kaziranga provides an ideal environment for both resident and migratory birds.
• The park's ecological significance, acknowledged by organizations like the Bombay Natural History Society and BirdLife International, reaffirms its standing as an Important Bird Area.

IV.  Notable Wetlands and Species

• Wetlands adjoining the tiger reserve, including Kaziranga-Hukuma Beel and Joysagar Doloni, recorded 3,049 and 1,765 birds, respectively.
• Other significant wetlands, like Gonak Beel, Sahala Beel, and Sisubari Beel, also contributed to the overall bird presence.

V.  Rich Avian Biodiversity

• Kaziranga sustains more than 500 avian species, making it a popular destination for birders.
• Unique and endangered species reported during the census include Baer’s pochard, Baikal teal, greater scaup, gull-billed tern, and black stork.

Analysis:

• The variety of wetlands and the diverse species recorded in Kaziranga highlight the park's commitment to the conservation and protection of its avian inhabitants.
• The presence of rare and endangered species underlines the importance of Kaziranga in maintaining biodiversity.

Way Forward:

• Kaziranga National Park's success in the waterbird census not only signifies a thriving avian ecosystem but also emphasizes the park's commitment to preserving its unique biodiversity.
• As a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a haven for wildlife enthusiasts, Kaziranga continues to play a pivotal role in wildlife conservation and ecological balance.