India’s Arctic imperative

Context

India's heightened Arctic interest stems from environmental shifts, economic opportunities, and geopolitical dynamics. As Arctic ice melts, India eyes trade routes, balancing economic gains with environmental and strategic concerns amid global power competition. Crafting a nuanced Arctic policy becomes imperative for India.

Growing Interest in the Arctic:

• Environmental Concerns Driving Engagement:India's recent winter expedition to the Arctic highlighted its growing interest in the region, marked by a shift in policy due to alarming scientific data on Arctic warming.
• Economic Considerations: India sees potential benefits in utilizing Arctic Sea routes to reduce shipping costs and time, especially through the Northern Sea Route.
• Geopolitical Implications: Concerns over China's increasing presence in the Arctic and Russia's strategic decisions have led India to reassess its Arctic engagement in the context of geopolitical tensions.

India's Historical Engagement and Internal Debate:

• Historical Context: India has a longstanding engagement with the Arctic dating back to the signing of the Svalbard Treaty in 1920 and establishing research bases in subsequent years.
• Internal Debate: India's academic and policy communities are divided over the economic and environmental implications of increased Arctic engagement, particularly concerning resource exploitation.
• Need for Balanced Policy: The debate underscores the necessity for India to develop a balanced policy framework that addresses both economic interests and environmental concerns in the Arctic.

Potential for Collaboration and Sustainable Engagement:

• Partnership with Norway: India seeks to collaborate with Arctic countries like Norway to focus on green energy, clean industries, and sustainable resource development.
• Transformational Collaboration: Collaboration with Norway could enhance India's participation in Arctic Council working groups and facilitate responsible resource development.
• Sustainable Policy Design: India aims to design a sustainable Arctic policy that accommodates scientific research, environmental protection, and economic opportunities, with Norway's expertise playing a crucial role