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13th April 2024 (11 Topics)

Inflation

Context

Retail inflation declined to a five-month low of 4.85 per cent in March mainly due to cooling food prices.

Understanding Inflation
  • As prices rise, a single unit of currency loses value as it buys fewer goods and services. This loss of purchasing power impacts the general cost of living for the common public which ultimately leads to a deceleration in economic growth. The consensus view among economists is that sustained inflation occurs when a nation's money supply growth outpaces economic growth.
  • To combat this, a country's appropriate monetary authority, like the central bank, then takes the necessary measures to keep inflation within permissible limits and keep the economy running smoothly.
  • Inflation is measured in a variety of ways depending upon the types of goods and a service considered and is the opposite of deflation which indicates a general decline occurring in prices for goods and services when the inflation rate falls below 0%.

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