Examine the need for electoral reforms as suggested by various committees with particular reference to the “one nation – one election” principle.

Explain and distinguish between Lok Adalats and Arbitration Tribunals. Do they entertain civil as well as criminal cases?

“The growth of cabinet system has practically resulted in the marginalisation of parliamentary supremacy.” Elucidate.

“The duty of the Comptroller and Auditor General is not merely to ensure the legality of expenditure but also its propriety.” Comment.

Analyse the role of local bodies in providing good governance at the local level and bring out the pros and cons of merging rural and urban local bodies.

Public charitable trusts have the potential to make India’s development more inclusive as they relate to certain vital public issues. Comment.

Poverty and malnutrition create a vicious cycle, adversely affecting human capital formation. What steps can be taken to break the cycle?

The Doctrine of Democratic Governance makes it necessary that the public perception of the integrity and commitment of civil servants becomes absolutely positive. Discuss.

“The West is fostering India as an alternative to reduce dependence on China’s supply chain and to counter China’s political and economic dominance.” Explain this statement with examples.

Critically analyse India’s evolving diplomatic, economic, and strategic relations with the Central Asian Republics (CARs), highlighting their increasing significance in regional and global geopolitics.

What are the aims and objects of the recently passed and enforced Public Examination (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024? Are University/State Education Board examinations covered under the Act?

The right to privacy is intrinsic to life and personal liberty and is protected under Article 21 of the Constitution. Explain. Discuss the law relating to DNA testing of a child in the womb to establish paternity.

What changes has the Union Government recently introduced in Centre-State relations? Suggest measures to build trust and strengthen federalism.

Explain the reasons for the growth of public interest litigation in India. Has it made the Indian Supreme Court the world’s most powerful judiciary?

Discuss India as a secular state and compare it with the secular principles of the US Constitution.

The Citizens’ Charter is a landmark initiative for citizen-centric administration, yet it has not reached its full potential. Identify factors hindering its promise and suggest measures to overcome them.

In the public healthcare system, the Indian State should play a vital role to contain the adverse impact of marketisation. Suggest measures to enhance public healthcare at the grassroots level.

e-Governance is not just about digital technology in service delivery; it’s about ensuring transparency and accountability. Evaluate the role of the 'Interactive Service Model' of e-Governance.

India’s energy policy and its efforts to combat climate change have gained prominence at global platforms. Assess the country's recent initiatives on clean energy and environmental protection.

The Gender Empowerment Index in India has shown progress, but rural-urban and inter-state disparities persist. How can these gaps be reduced?