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Mullaperiyar Dam Safety
Context
There are concerns that the Mullaperiyar Dam might be on the verge of collapse, prompting discussions about its safety and management.
About
- The Mullaperiyar Dam was built across the River Periyar by the British Corps of Royal Engineers.
- Purpose: Its main purpose is to divert water from the west-flowing River Periyar to the arid regions of Tamil Nadu, including Theni, Madurai, Sivaganga, and Ramanathapuram districts.
- Lease Agreement: A 999-year lease agreement from the British era gave Tamil Nadu operational rights over the dam, despite it being located in Kerala.
- Benefits
- Flood Control: The dam helped prevent floods in the Travancore region and transformed barren land in Tamil Nadu into fertile agricultural areas.
- Water Distribution: Water from the dam reaches Tamil Nadu through tunnels that cross the Western Ghats.
- The Mullaperiyar Dam dispute between the Indian states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu is a long-standing conflict. Kerala raises concerns about the dam's safety, while Tamil Nadu insists on its rights to the dam's water for irrigation purposes
- Challenges: The Mullaperiyar Dam is a composite gravity dam and seismic forces were not given consideration while building the dam which, despite strengthening measures having been undertaken taken twice, is in a deteriorating condition due to its age.
- The dam has a large catchment area but only limited storage capacitywhich further increases its vulnerability.
- The consequences of any failure of this dam could be extremely catastrophic and beyond human imagination.
Fact Box: About Periyar River
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