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31st July 2025 (13 Topics)

NISAR Successfully Launched via GSLV-F16

Context:

India successfully launched the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite aboard GSLV-F16 from Sriharikota.

NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar)

  • Purpose: Earth observation with high-resolution, all-weather, day-and-night imaging capability.   
  • Orbit: Sun-synchronous polar orbit at 747 km altitude; completes revisit every 12 days.

Key Technological Features:

  • First Earth observation satellite with dual-frequency SAR:
    • L-band SAR (by NASA).
    • S-band SAR (by ISRO).
  • Mounted on a single integrated platform.
  • Uses ISRO’s I-3K satellite bus and is launched on GSLV-F16 with indigenous cryogenic upper stage.
  • Total launch mass: 2,393 kg.

Launch Significance:

  • First successful placement of a satellite in Sun-synchronous orbit by GSLV.
  • 18th GSLV mission, 12th with indigenous cryogenic stage.
  • Reflects ISRO’s technological advancement in high-mass satellite launch capability.

Applications and Impact:

  • Climate change monitoring, glacier dynamics, forest biomass estimation, and agricultural productivity.
  • Earthquake and volcano activity detection, coastal zone management, aviation safety, and infrastructure planning.
  • Enhances disaster preparedness and resilience through timely geospatial data.
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