4th November 2023 (9 Topics)
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Mobility and Migration Partnership Agreement
Context:
Recently, the External Affairs Minister of India has signed the Mobility and Migration Partnership Agreement with Italy to facilitate movement of workers, students and professionals.
About the Agreement:
- They signed Mobility and Migration Partnership Agreement and the Cultural Exchange Programme to enable seamless movement of workers, students and professionals and also address the challenges of illegal migration.
- The agenda focused on taking forward the renewed defence and security partnership.
- Points of discussion: India and Italy has agreed that potential in agro-tech, innovation, space, defence and the digital domain should be explored.
- The two leaders also spoke about the West Asia situation, Ukraine conflict and the Indo-Pacific landscape.
India-Italy Relations:
- Historical and Cultural Ties:
- India and Italy are ancient civilizations but young states (Italy having been reunified only in1861).
- These two ancient civilizations have known, interacted and traded with each other for over 2000 years.
- Economic ties:
- Italy is among India's top 5 trading partners in the EU and the 12th largest investor in India. The balance of trade has been in India’s favour since the early eighties.
- Main items of import from Italy are general and special purpose machinery, machine tools, metallurgical products, and engineering items. Around 140 large Italian companies are active in India.
- Cultural Exchange, Scientific Co-operation etc.:
- The agreement for cultural cooperation was signed in 1976.
- It includes the Cultural Exchange Programme (CEP) between Italy and India which entails exchange of students in language programmes as well as other academic courses.
- There are several Universities/higher education institutions in Italy with highly qualified faculties which conduct courses in Indian art, history and languages.
- Many of these institutions teach Hindi and Sanskrit to Italian students.
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An ICCR Chair on Modern Indian History was also established in September 2011 in ‘La Sapienza’ University in Rome. |
- An Agreement on S&T Co-operation exists since 1978.
- The Agreement envisages three yearly action plans under which joint research projects can be undertaken.
- Diaspora:
- The Indian community in Italy is the second largest community of Indians in Europe after UK.
- As per the latest Italian official estimates, more than 1, 60,000 Indian nationals are resident in Italy.
- As first generation migrants, majority of them are engaged in economic sectors such as agriculture, dairy farming, leather industry, construction works and in service industry.
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