Context

The Group of Seven (G7) economic powers have called for the "extension, full implementation and expansion" of a critical deal to export Ukrainian grain through the Black Sea.

Need of the deal

• Ukraine is a major global exporter of sunflower, maize, wheat and barley.
• When Russia invaded in February 2022, its naval vessels blockaded Ukraine's ports, trapping some 20 million tonnes of grain.
  

What is in the deal?

• Brokered by the United Nations and Turkey, the deal was signed in Istanbul last July, allowing Ukraine to export more than 27 million tonnes of grainfrom several of its Black Sea ports.
• The deal allowed exports from Ukraine of grain, other foodstuffs, and fertilizer, including ammonia, to resume through a safe maritime humanitarian corridor from three key Ukrainian ports to the rest of the world:
  • Chornomorsk
  • Odesa
  • Yuzhny/Pivdennyi