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Karbi Anglong Agreement

Published: 13th Sep, 2021

Context

In a bid to end decades of violence in Karbi Anglong in Assam, a tripartite agreement among five insurgent groups of Assam, the Centre and the state government was signed.

About

About Karbi Anglong 

  • Karbi-Anglong in Assam's largest district in terms of area.
  • It is home predominantly to a tribal and ethnic population comprising members of Karbi, Bodo, Kuki, Dimasa, Hmar, Garo, Rengma Naga, Tiwa, and Man communities.
  • Karbis make up more than 46 per cent of the district’s population of close to 10 lakh people per the 2011 Census. 

Major issues of the group

  • The Karbis are a major ethnic group of Assam, dotted by several factions and splinters. 
  • The history of the Karbi group has been marked by killings, ethnic violence, abductions and taxation since the late 1980s.
  • Insurgent groups of Karbi Anglong district like People's Democratic Council of Karbi Longri (PDCK), Karbi Longri NC Hills Liberation Front (KLNLF), etc. originated from the core demand of forming a separate state.
  • Some of the other demands of the militant groups are
    • Inclusion of some areas into Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council (KAAC)
    • Reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes
    • More powers to the council
    • Inclusion of Karbi language in the Eighth Schedule
    • Financial package of Rs 1,500 crore

What is in the agreement?

  • The agreement grants greater devolution of autonomy to the Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council.
  • Cultural protection: It provides protection to the language, culture and identity of the region and reservation to the Karbi people.
  • Karbi Welfare Council: Under the agreement, the Assam government will set up a Karbi Welfare Council for focused development of Karbi people living outside the KAAC area. 
  • Consolidated fund for development: The consolidated fund of the state would be augmented to supplement the development of the region. 
  • Special development package: A special development package of Rs 1000 crore over five years will be provided for projects there.

Autonomous District Council

  • ADCs are bodies representing a district to which the Constitution has given varying degrees of autonomy within the state legislature.  

Groups includes in Agreement

  • The insurgent groups which signed the peace accord include
    • Karbi Longri North Cachar Hills Liberation Front
    • People's Democratic Council of Karbi Longri
    • United People's Liberation Army
    • Karbi People's Liberation Tigers faction
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