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Pakistan's Hangor Class Submarine

Published: 3rd May, 2024

Context

China recently launched the inaugural Hangor class submarine for Pakistan, marking the commencement of a significant naval endeavor. This event signals the beginning of Pakistan's acquisition of eight submarines of this class by 2028.

About

  • The Hangor class submarine is an export variant derived from the Chinese Type 039A Yuan class.
  • Diesel-Electric Attack Submarine: Characterized by its diesel-electric propulsion system, the Hangor class submarine is designed as an effective platform for conducting offensive operations.
  • It is named after the now decommissioned PNS Hangor, which famously sank Indian frigate INS Khukri during the 1971 war.
  • Technical Specifications: The Hangor class submarine is equipped with four diesel engines and features an air independent propulsion (AIP) system.
  • Counterpart to India's Kalavari Class: Positioned as a direct counterpart to India's Kalavari class submarines, which are based on the French Scorpene-class, the Hangor class underscores Pakistan's strategic focus on maritime defense.
    • While both the Hangor and Kalavari class submarines utilize diesel-electric propulsion, a notable distinction lies in the inclusion of an AIP system in the former. This feature grants the Hangor class enhanced operational flexibility and endurance.

Kalavari class submarines

  • India's naval fleet currently includes six Kalavari class submarines, with plans to induct three more by the early 2030s.
  • INS Kalvari is a diesel-electric attack submarine. The submarine was built under Project 75 of the IndianNavy.
    • It is a program to build six Scorpene-class submarines in India.
  • Advanced technology: SUBTICS combat system, Thales sonar suite, and Exocet missiles, ensuring formidable underwater prowess
  • However, unlike their Pakistani counterparts, these submarines do not feature built-in AIP systems.

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