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PM-JANMAN for PVTGs

Published: 14th Dec, 2023

Context

The Tribal Affairs Ministryin a really has mentioned to the RajyaSabha that the population of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) was not in decline, citing information provided by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India (ORGI).

  • This has questioned the scheme being launched for PVTGs named as ‘PM-JANMAN’ and its implementation.

About PVTGs in India:

  • The PVTGs are defined by the government as tribal communities that show either a declining or stagnant population, use of pre-agrarian technology, economic backwardness, low literacy etc.
  • There are 75 such communities which are spread over 18 States and Union Territories, according to government figures.
  • State-Wise data:
    • Major distribution: The highest number of PVTGs are found in Odisha (15), followed by Andhra Pradesh (12), Bihar and Jharkhand (9), Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh (7), Tamil Nadu (6) and Kerala and Gujarat (5 each).
    • Some of PVTGs are also exists in Maharashtra and West Bengal (3 each), Karnataka and Uttarakhand (2 each), and one each in Rajasthan, Tripura and Manipur.
    • All the four tribal groups in the Andaman, and one in Nicobar Islands, are recognised as PVTGs.

About

AboutPM-JANMAN:

  • Background:
  • The Cabinet recently approved the Rs. 24,000 crore PradhanMantri-JanjatiAdivasiNyayaMahaAbhiyan.
  • The scheme is in line with the Prime Minister’s Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups Development Mission that would take basic facilities likes roads, power, homes, mobile connectivity, etc. to the most backward among the Scheduled Tribes, the PVTGs.
  • Key Points of the scheme:
    • Objective: The scheme aims to provide crucial interventions such as permanent housing, road connectivity, piped water supply, mobile medical units, hostel construction, ‘Anganwadi’ facilities, skill development centres,
    • The Government was planning a Rs.15, 000 crore expenditure, to be spent over a period of three yearsunder the scheme.
    • The implementation of the programme will be done through nine ministries, which will ensure that existing schemes are taken to these PVTG-inhabited villages.
    • The government has set to build;
  1. 9 lakh pucca homes,
  2. Lay 8,000 km of connecting roads,
  3. Link all households with piped water,
  4. Set up 1,000 mobile medical units,
  5. Construct 2,500 anganwadicentres, 1,000 multipurpose centres and 500 hostels,
  6. Install mobile towers in 3,000 villages.
    • The plan also intends to set up vocational and skill training centres in 60 aspirational PVTG blocks and build 500 Van DhanVikasKendras to help people trade in forest produce.
    • In addition to connecting 1 lakh of these households to an off-grid solar power system and bringing in solar street lights.
    • Fund allocation: The money for will go into the Scheduled Tribe Component (STC) of the respective ministries from where it will be allocated for the development of these groups.

Steps for PVTG Welfare:

  • In 2013, a National Advisory Council (NAC) report on the state of PVTGs had recommended that as a first, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs should design and conduct a Census specifically for the PVTG communities to not just enumerate but also find out the status of education, health, and housing.
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