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Successful docking of SpaDeX Satellites (for second time)
Context
ISRO successfully conducted the second docking experiment of the SPADEX mission, involving two satellites — SDX-01 and SDX-02. This time, the docking was performed fully autonomously from a distance of 15 metres. Following this, ISRO also demonstrated inter-satellite power transfer, marking a significant milestone in India's space technology capabilities.
What is ‘Docking’ in Space?
- Docking refers to the process where two spacecraft physically connect with each other while in orbit.
- It involves aligning and bringing together one spacecraft with another, typically to transfer crew, materials, or resources like power and fuel.
- Docking is critical for:
- Space station operations
- Satellite servicing and refuelling
- Multi-spacecraft missions
- Human spaceflight support systems
- It can be manual, semi-autonomous, or fully autonomous, depending on the mission design and technology.
Key-Details of the Second Docking Experiment
- Autonomous Docking: The second docking was conducted without manual intervention, unlike the first attempt in 2023 where a manual hold was placed at 3 meters.
- This time, docking occurred completely autonomously from 15 metres to contact.
- Prior to this attempt, extensive ground simulations and in-orbit trials were conducted using insights from the first experiment.
- Power Transfer Demonstration: Power was transferred from SDX-02 to SDX-01 and vice versa. The power supported the operation of a heater element in the receiving satellite.
Fact-Box (SPADEX Mission)
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