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India–Japan Strategic Partnership
Context:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi is visiting Japan for the 15th India–Japan Annual Summit to deepen the Special Strategic and Global Partnership.
Nature of Partnership:
- India and Japan elevated their relationship to a Special Strategic and Global Partnership in 2014.
- The partnership is rooted in shared democratic values, rule of law, and a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific.
Defence and Security Cooperation:
- Key agreements: Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement (ACSA, 2020), Reciprocal Provision of Supplies and Services Agreement, Information Security Agreement.
- Joint exercises: JIMEX (naval), Malabar (with US and Australia), Dharma Guardian (army), ShinyuuMaitri (air force).
- Japan participates in QUAD alongside India, US, and Australia for maritime security and Indo-Pacific stability.
Economic and Trade Dimensions:
- Bilateral trade: USD 22.5 billion in 2023–24.
- Japan is India’s 5th largest source of FDI. Major investments in infrastructure (Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor, Dedicated Freight Corridor, Metro projects, High-Speed Rail “Bullet Train”).
- Japan committed USD 42 billion over five years (2022–27) for India’s infrastructure and private sector growth.
Technology and Emerging Areas:
- Collaboration in semiconductors, startups, clean energy (green hydrogen, renewables), rare earths, defence technologies.
- India and Japan cooperate on disaster resilience through the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) and the International Solar Alliance (ISA).
Global and Multilateral Engagements:
- QUAD: India and Japan cooperate with US and Australia on Indo-Pacific strategy, supply chain resilience, 5G/6G technologies, and climate initiatives.
- Both nations share convergence on countering China’s assertiveness in the Indo-Pacific.
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