The Evolving India-US Relationship Amidst Geopolitical Tensions

Recent geopolitical tensions have seen Canada extend accusations against India regarding plots against Sikh citizens, while the US has filed charges against an Indian government employee linked to a failed assassination attempt on a Sikh separatist advocate in New York. This situation raises critical questions about the nature of India-US ties—whether they are based on shared values or strategic interests.

Historical Overview

• Crisis-Forged Relationship: The India-US relationship has historically been shaped by crises. The relationship has evolved significantly since India's independence, with both countries navigating various diplomatic challenges and conflicts, including the 1971 War and subsequent nuclear tests.
• Shifting Dynamics: Despite being on opposing sides during the Cold War, cooperation existed between the US and India in the 1950s and 60s, particularly in military and intelligence capabilities aimed at countering China. This cooperative spirit resurfaced in the 1990s, leading to a more robust and bipartisan relationship.
• Trade and Strategic Partnership: As of 2022, the US emerged as India’s largest trading partner, with bilateral trade exceeding USD 191 billion. The two countries have aligned their interests in confronting challenges, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region, enhancing the strategic partnership.

Key Areas of Cooperation

• Security and Military Collaboration: India has entered agreements to acquire US military drones and established foundational defense cooperation frameworks, facilitating shared access to military facilities and supplies.
  • Annual military exercises and dialogues, such as the 2 + 2 ministerial meetings and Malabar naval drills, underscore the strong defense ties, including intelligence-sharing on counter-terrorism.
• International Development Initiatives: The Quad partnership exemplifies India-US collaboration in providing developmental assistance to third countries. This cooperation was evident during the COVID-19 pandemic when both nations coordinated vaccine and therapeutic distribution.
• Diplomatic Engagement: The US has supported India's bid for a permanent seat on the UN Security Council, reflecting their commitment to enhanced diplomatic collaboration. Joint efforts in international forums continue to solidify this partnership.