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Cheetah Reintroduction MP
Context:
Madhya Pradesh plans to establish a second indigenous population of cheetahs at Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary to expand conservation efforts.
Background & Significance:
- Kuno National Park currently hosts 29 cheetahs, reintroduced from southern Africa (2022–2023).
- Cheetahs were extinct in India in the wild before 20 individuals were relocated from Africa.
- Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh is selected for the second population to increase species survival and genetic diversity.
Reproduction &Behaviour:
- Female cheetahs reach sexual maturity at 25–30 months; males mature later.
- Gestation lasts ~3 months; litters can include up to six cubs.
- Female cheetahs care for cubs intensively, feeding them 1.5 kg of food daily.
- Mating involves estrus cycles, territorial interactions, and post-birth protective behaviour.
Threats & Conservation Measures:
- Threats include predation (leopards, co-predators) and extreme weather (heat).
- Monitoring involves dedicated personnel, cameras, and veterinary oversight for health and cub survival.
- Conservation emphasizes habitat protection, genetic diversity, and reducing human-wildlife conflicts.
Strategic Implications:
- Expands India’s wildlife conservation footprint.
- Supports IUCN-recommended species recovery programs.
- Enhances potential eco-tourism and local biodiversity awareness.
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