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BrahMos
Context
The Indian Armed Forces reportedly used BrahMos for the first time in actual combat, as part of retaliatory precision strikes on Pakistani military infrastructure following the Pahalgam terrorist attack on April 22.
What is BrahMos?
- BrahMos is a powerful supersonic cruise missile made by India and Russia together.
- It is one of the fastest missiles in the world, flying at about three times the speed of sound (Mach 2.8 to 3.0).
- The name "BrahMos" comes from two rivers – Brahmaputra (India) and Moskva (Russia).
- Type: Cruise missile – It flies like an aircraft at low height and high speed to hit targets very accurately.
- Speed: Supersonic – around Mach 3, which is much faster than sound.
- Range: Initially 290 km, now extended to 400+ km, and even longer versions are being developed.
- ‘Fire and Forget’: Once launched, it finds and hits the target on its own, without needing control from the launcher.
- Versatile: It can be launched from:
- Land (army mobile launchers)
- Sea (warships)
- Air (fighter jets like Sukhoi-30)
- Submarine (underwater)
- Propulsion:
- First stage: Solid-propellant booster.
- Second stage: Liquid-fueled ramjet (air-breathing engine for supersonic speeds).
- Altitude: Cruise altitude up to 15 km; terminal flight path at just 10 metres, enabling stealth and evasion.
- Radar Signature: Very low RCS (Radar Cross Section) due to compact design and stealth materials.
Why is it important?
- It gives India the power to strike targets quickly, accurately, and from far away, without putting pilots or soldiers in direct danger.
- It works as a deterrent to enemies, showing India’s strong defence capability.
- It’s used by the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force.
Major Variants
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