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9th November 2024 (10 Topics)

Project to Monitor Animal Health

Context

The Union Government recently launched the ‘Animal Health Security Strengthening in India for Pandemic Preparedness and Response’ initiative to enhance India's capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to animal health threats, thereby strengthening pandemic preparedness and response.

About the Project

  • The Animal Health Security Strengthening in India for Pandemic Preparedness and Response project is designed to improve India’s ability to prevent, detect, and respond to animal health threats, which can potentially lead to pandemics.
  • The project aims to strengthen the country’s surveillance and early warning systems, expand the laboratory network, and improve data systems for better risk analysis and communication.
  • The project was approved as part of the Pandemic Fund, created by G20 countries in 2022 during Indonesia's presidency.
    • India’s proposal received a grant of $25 million out of the $2 billion mobilized in the first round of the fund's investment.
  • The project is implemented by three agencies: the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the World Bank, and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO).
  • The project is focused on key interventions such as:
    • Strengthening disease surveillance and early warning systems
    • Upgrading laboratories and enhancing vaccine manufacturing facilities
    • Improving data systems for better risk communication and analytics
    • Enhancing regional cooperation on transboundary animal diseases
  • The ultimate goal is to prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans, ensuring the health and well-being of vulnerable populations, and safeguarding livelihoods and nutritional security.
  • By doing so, the project aims to reduce the risk of future pandemics originating from animal health issues in India’s diverse animal populations, including its 536 million livestock.

Fact Box: Zoonotic diseases 

  • Zoonotic diseases originate in animals and can spread to humans.
  • Infections occur through bites or contact with the infected animal’s bodily fluids.
  • Virus, bacteria, fungi, prions or parasites cause zoonoses.
  • Rabies, Ebola, certain strains of Swine flu, leptospirosis, brucellosis, anthrax, Zika and Ebola viruses, rickettsioses, plague, chikungunya, dengue and Japanese encephalitis, are the most notorious zoonotic diseases.
  • World Zoonosis Day is observed annually on July 6 to commemorate the first immunization against a zoonotic illness.

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