WORLD HISTORY Important Characters in World History By Rashid Yasin Sir

Category: GS-I,

Test Date: 16 Sep 2022 07:00 AM

Evaluated: Yes

WORLD HISTORY Important Characters in World History By Rashid Yasin Sir

Instruction:

Attempt One question out of the given two.
The test carries 15 marks.
Write Your answer in 150 words.
Any page left blank in the answer-book must be crossed out clearly.
Evaluated Copy will be re-uploaded on the same thread after 2 days of uploading the copy.
Discussion of the question and one to one answer improvement session of evaluated copies will be conducted through Google Meet with concerned faculty. You will be informed via mail or SMS for the discussion.

Question #1. In his work of reorganising the institutions of France ' Napoleon showed himself at once , the heir of the revolution and the product of the reaction against it'. Elucidate

Question #2. The corporate state was Mussolini's answer to the socio-political problems of his country. Discuss

(Examiner will pay special attention to the candidate's grasp of his/her material, its relevance to the subject chosen, and to his/ her ability to think constructively and to present his/her ideas concisely, logically and effectively).

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Model Answer

Question #1. In his work of reorganising the institutions of France ' Napoleon showed himself at once , the heir of the revolution and the product of the reaction against it'. Elucidate

Ans: Of the cardinal principles of the Revolution, Napoleon was opposed to:

Liberty: Mainly political liberty as he thought it as a disturbing agent and affected the effi-ciency of the state.
Democracy: His experience of a chaotic government by Parisian masses as a result of revolution made him susceptible to local self-government, thus, he centralised local government as his reform measure.
Nationality: The Revolution believed in the principle of nationality but Napoleon was not in tune with it, as his annexation of Germany and Italy reveals.

Napoleon's aforementioned acts and his attempt of restoration of colonial empire lost by Louis XV, centralisation of rule, etc. made him look like a destroyer of the Revolution.

But on the other hand, his works in the social arena proved him to be the heir of the Revolution. His internal reforms touched all spheres of the society, be it education, employment, religion, etc.

Civil Code: It gave France a common system of law, at once clear, orderly, and systematic and thus made justice more rapid, cheap, and reliable. It established social equality in the eyes of law, secured religious tolerance for all, and perpetuated much of the social gains that had been won by the Revolution.
Economic: He founded the Bank of France and encouraged trade and industry. Education: He improved the national education (both primary and secondary) and research was encouraged.
Employment: He created a new aristocracy based on merit.
Agreement: He signed the Concordat Agreement with the Pope in 1801 which restored the Roman Catholic Church but with government control. It brought back the support of the clergy and citizens who were alienated by the civil constitution of the clergy. Even the church lands remained with the farmers who gained it in the revolution.
Social confidence: This was restored by the repeal of decree against émigrés as well as other tyran-nical laws of the Jacobins.

Thus, he consolidated the Revolution by securing to the people it's more valued Fruits.

Question #2. The corporate state was Mussolini's answer to the socio-political problems of his country. Discuss

After the First World War, there was growing discontent in Italy owing to comparatively small gains in war. Also, there was disorder arising from the activities of the Socialists. On the other hand, the economic growth could not pick up and neither did the condition of workers improve considerably.

The Corporate State, one of the key elements of the Fascist system, was the answer to the prevailing socio-political problems.

The government claimed that it was designed to promote cooperation between the employers and workers and to end class warfare. Fascist-controlled unions had the sole right to negotiate for the workers, and both unions and employers' associations were organised into corporations, and were expected to work together to settle disputes over pay and working conditions.
Strikes and lockouts were not allowed. By 1934, there were 22 corporations, each dealing with a separate industry; each included a government official among its members, and there was a Minister of Corporations in charge of the whole system. Mussolini himself acted as the First Minister of Corporations from 1926 to 1929.
It aimed at bringing all sectors together for increasing national production for the welfare of the state.
In this way Mussolini hoped to control workers and direct production and the economy.
To compensate for their loss of freedom, workers were assured of such benefits as free Sundays, annual holidays with pay, social security, sports and theatre facilities, and cheap tours and holidays.

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48 Hrs. Answer Writing, Copy Evaluation and Marks Improvement Cycle

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Step 2 In Next 48 Hrs (Copy Evaluation & Discussion): After evaluation, the first 50 copies will be uploaded on the same comment box and will be sent to you. In the evening 8:00 PM marks improvement sessions for the test with respective faculty in a group will be conducted online. So that students can get a wider perspective of the topics. Here you can discuss your evaluated copies also with the faculty.

Mains Answer Writing

WORLD HISTORY Important Characters in World History By Rashid Yasin Sir

Model Answer

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