Published: 19th Apr, 2024
Context
As the nation seeks to balance energy security with environmental concerns, the exploration of thorium as a fuel source gains significance. The Indigenous Prototype Fast Breeder Nuclear Reactor exemplifies India's efforts to harness thorium for a cleaner, more sustainable future.
1: Dimension- Thorium's Role in Energy Security
- Thorium is hailed as a practically inexhaustible energy source that emits no greenhouse gases, making it a sustainable alternative.
- India's extensive thorium deposits present an opportunity to reduce dependence on the uncertain uranium supply chain.
- The three-stage nuclear power programme aims to utilize thorium as a primary fuel, ensuring long-term energy security.
2: Dimension- Global Competition and Cooperation
- China's advancements in molten salt thorium nuclear reactor technology highlight the global race in thorium-based systems.
- Despite past hesitations, renewed collaboration between India and the US signals potential advancements in nuclear energy technology.
- Negotiations with other countries like France, Canada, and Russia showcase India's efforts to diversify its nuclear partnerships.
3: Dimension- Challenges and Opportunities
- Commercial utilization of thorium hinges on the availability of Uranium-233 or Plutonium resources, posing a technological challenge.
- India's efforts in thorium research and development aim to overcome technical barriers and accelerate progress towards commercial viability.
- Thorium-based systems offer immense potential in decarbonizing India's energy sector and achieving sustainable development goals.
4: Dimension- International Engagement and Diplomacy
- India's participation in international forums like the IAEA positions it as a key player in thorium-based systems.
- Leveraging its research and non-proliferation credentials, India can advocate for accelerated development of thorium-based technologies on the global stage.
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