Mains Answer Writing
Concept Mapping Mentorship- Covering Syllabus Through Themes
- GS & Optional
Category: Optional,
Test Date: 21 Mar 2023 07:00 AM
Evaluated: Yes
Instruction:
- There will be 2 questions carrying 10 marks each. Write your answers in 150 words
- Any page left blank in the answer-book must be crossed out clearly.
- Evaluated Copy will be re-uploaded on the same thread after 2 days of uploading the copy.
- Discussion of the question and one to one answer improvement session of evaluated copies will be conducted through Google Meet with concerned faculty. You will be informed via mail or SMS for the discussion.
Question #1. Though Theory 'X' and 'A' pattern and Theory 'Y' and 'B' pattern of behaviour seem to be similar but the theories of both scholars are not similar. Explain.
Question #2. Alderfor's ERG theory is a modified version of Maslow's need hierarchy theory. Examine.
(Examiner will pay special attention to the candidate's grasp of his/her material, its relevance to the subject chosen, and to his/ her ability to think constructively and to present his/her ideas concisely, logically and effectively).
STEPS & INSTRUCTIONS for uploading the answers
Step 1 - The Question for the day is provided below these instructions. It will be available at 7:00 AM.
Step 2 - Uploading of Answers : Write the answer in A4 Sheet leaving proper margins for comments and feedback and upload the PDF in MY ACCOUNT section. Click on the option of SUBMIT COPY to upload the PDF.
Step 3 - Deadline for Uploading Answers: The students shall upload their answers by 7:00 PM in the evening same day. The first 50 copies will be evaluated.
Step 4 - Feedback : Mentors will give their feedback for the answers uploaded. For more personalised feedback, join our telegram channel by clicking on the link https://t.me/mains_answer_writing_cse . A one-to-one session will be conducted with the faculty after copy evaluation in 72 Hrs.
Model Answer
Question #1. Though Theory 'X' and 'A' pattern and Theory 'Y' and 'B' pattern of behaviour seem to be similar but the theories of both scholars are not similar. Explain.
Hints:
Chris Argyris proposed ‘A’ & ‘B’ pattern of behavior in organizational behavior that seems similar to Theory ‘X’ & ‘Y’ of McGregor but they are not similar practically. Arogyris named ‘A’ as attitude and ‘B’ as behavior.
He described its features: ‘A’ pattern: inter-personal, group dynamics and organizational model. ‘B’ pattern: openness, self-motivated and experimentalist. Argyris are not driven by emotions rather they demand close supervision & clarity in their work whereas, people of ‘B’ pattern wish to have experimentalism, trust worthy and personal relationships.
McGregor is formation of Theory ‘X’ and Theory ‘Y’ indicates two different types of management. Theory ‘X’ stands for authoritarian types of management, the Theory ‘Y’ represents modern participative type of management. These two theories seek to examine the attitude of management towards its employees and explain the consequences of different managerial strategies.
McGregor examines the assumptions about human behavior which underlie managerial actions. He believes that the way an organisation is run stemmed directly from the beliefs of its managers.
Therefore Theory ‘X’ and ‘A’ pattern and theory ‘Y’ and ‘B’ pattern cosmetically seem to be similar but are not similar practically. Because Chris Argyeis has explained about the psychology of individuals in an organizational functioning in the form of ‘A’ & ‘B’ pattern whereas McGregor has and its attitude towards its employees and explained consequences of different managerial strategies his Theory ‘X’ & Theory ‘Y’.
Question #2. Alderfor's ERG theory is a modified version of Maslow's need hierarchy theory. Examine.
Hints:
Clayton P. Aldrfer proposed a need theory popularly known an ERG Theory. He categorized human needs into three basic categories unlike Masbow's five needs in a needs hierarchy.
- Existence Need – Material and physiological need/desires such as food, shelter, safe working conditions. These are satisfied by material conditions.
- Relatedness Need – It includes social and extrinsic component of esteem needs. These are satisfied by open communication, exchange of thoughts and ideas with other members of organisation.
- Growth Need – It includes intrinsic components of esteem need and say actualization need. These are satisfied by strong personal commitment to wok which involves utilization of skills and capabilities.
Alderfar’s ERG Theory is also a content theory. In this theory Alderfor regrouped Maslow’s five levels of human needs into three categories. Alderfer’s theory seems to correspond with Marlow’s theory. Thus Alderfer’s existence needs correspond with Maslow’s physiological needs. His relatedness needs are related to social and ego needs of Maslow. His growth needs are somewhat similar to maslow’s self-actualization need. The novelty of ERG Theory is that more than one need may be prepotent at the same time. Furthermore, there is no definite sequence for the dominance of needs. The individuals enter in the organisation to fulfill their needs. But it the higher order needs are not satisfied, then the desire to satisfy a lower order needs increase.
This is referred as frustration – regression by Alderfer. In total, Alterfer’s ERG theory could address a number of missing links of Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory.
The behavioural approach to public administration owes its genesis to the Human Relations Movement of the 1930s. The movement started off as a protest to the traditional approaches to public administration that focused on organizations, institutionalization, rules, and code of conduct etc with absolutely no mention of people who are the centre of all these activities. Thus coming up of Behavioral schools marks a paradigm shift and a new era in the discipline of Public Administration. In the UPSC CSE Mains Examination, Public Administration represents a subject which is most sought after, the subject remains relevant not just for the exam, but beyond as well. In the exams, questions are frequently asked from the behavioural school to test the understanding of the candidates. Thus, holistic coverage of this area is indispensable. Attempt the questions and get feedback from our expert faculty to validate your learning.
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