50 years of Sikkim’s statehood

Context

Sikkim is celebrating the golden jubilee (50 years) of its statehood, which began on May 16, 1975, when it officially became the 22nd state of the Indian Union.

About

Sikkim, before becoming a state of India, was an independent kingdom ruled by the Chogyal (monarch). Although it had close ties with India, especially after 1947, Sikkim was not an Indian state immediately after independence.
It functioned as a protectorate of India under the 1950 Indo-Sikkim Treaty. Under this arrangement:
- India controlled Sikkim’s defense, external affairs, and communication.
- Sikkim retained autonomy in internal administration.
Events Leading to Statehood (1973–1975)
- In the early 1970s, there was increasing political unrest in Sikkim, particularly due to allegations of undemocratic rule by the Chogyal and demands for more democracy by local political parties.
- The situation escalated in 1973, leading to mass protests.
- A tripartite agreement was signed between the Chogyal, Indian government, and Sikkimese political parties, leading to constitutional reforms and an elected government.
- In 1974, the elected Sikkim Assembly passed a resolution seeking association with India.
- Finally, in May 1975, following a referendum where over 97% voted in favor, the Indian Parliament passed the 36th Constitutional Amendment, making Sikkim the 22nd state of India.