30th July 2024 (10 Topics)

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Enhanced FnCas9 Enzyme

Context

Scientists have developed an improved genome-editing tool. This tool, called enhanced FnCas9, offers more precise and efficient DNA modifications compared to current CRISPR technologies.

Key Findings

Enhanced FnCas9 cuts target DNA more effectively than the original FnCas9.
It has fewer off-target effects, making it more reliable for precise gene editing.
The enhanced FnCas9 can identify and correct single-nucleotide changes more effectively, potentially improving genetic diagnostics.
Therapeutic Applications
Testing for Blindness: The team tested enhanced FnCas9 on cells with a mutation causing Leber congenital amaurosis type 2 (LCA2), a form of inherited blindness. The tool successfully corrected the mutation in iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells) derived from a patient’s skin cells.
Results: Most corrected iPSCs showed normal levels of the protein RPE65, which is crucial for vision. The editing was highly efficient, with some colonies showing complete correction of the mutation.

Fact Box: About CRISPR-Cas9

CRISPR-Cas9 is a popular gene-editing tool that can add, remove, or alter DNA sequences in various organisms.
It uses a guide-RNA (gRNA) to direct the Cas9 enzyme to a specific DNA sequence. Cas9 then cuts the DNA, and the cell's repair mechanisms fix the cut, incorporating the desired changes.
CRISPR-Cas9 can sometimes cut unintended parts of the genome, leading to off-target effects.
Enhanced FnCas9 Development
- Objective: Researchers aimed to improve the precision and efficiency of genome editing by modifying the FnCas9 enzyme from Francisella novicida bacteria.
- Modifications: They enhanced FnCas9 by altering amino acids to improve its binding with the PAM sequence (a DNA sequence required for Cas9 to cut). This adjustment increases the enzyme's efficiency and flexibility in editing hard-to-access regions of the genome.

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GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

30th July 2024 (10 Topics)

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Enhanced FnCas9 Enzyme

Key Findings

Fact Box: About CRISPR-Cas9

Still Have Questions?

GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

Enhanced FnCas9 Enzyme

Key Findings

Fact Box: About CRISPR-Cas9

Still Have Questions?

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