08th January 2025 (14 Topics)
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Human metapneumovirus (HMPV)
Context
India has reported five cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), with two each in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, and one in Ahmedabad.
What is HMPV?
- HMPV, a respiratory virus first identified in 2001, is already in global circulation, including India.
- Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Pneumoviridae family and closely related to the Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) subgroup C.
- It was first identified in 2001 in the Netherlands using RNA arbitrarily primed PCR (RAP-PCR).
- The virus primarily affects the respiratory system and tends to be more active during late winter and spring, overlapping with influenza and RSV seasons.
- Recently, HMPV has made headlines due to rising infections in Chinaand concerns over its potential to spread further.
- Symptoms: HMPV typically affects the respiratory system, with common symptoms including sore throat, fever, nasal congestion, cough, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can lead to pneumonia or bronchiolitis, requiring hospitalisation and oxygen therapy.
- Common similarities: While HMPV shares similarities with other respiratory viruses like the flu or RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), it can cause more severe symptoms in vulnerable populations, such as infants, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems.
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