India Strengthens Diaspora

Context

On the occasion of a diaspora outreach in Trinidad and Tobago, the Indian Prime Minister announced the extension of Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) card eligibility to sixth-generation Indian-origin individuals. This move aims to deepen India’s engagement with the Girmitiya diaspora, who are descendants of indentured laborers sent abroad during the colonial era

Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) Card:

The OCI card is issued to persons of Indian origin who are citizens of other countries (except Pakistan and Bangladesh).
It provides a lifelong visa, exemption from registration with the Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO), and certain economic and educational rights.
OCI holders do not have political rights (i.e., no voting rights or right to hold public office).
The announcement now includes sixth-generation Girmitiya descendants under its ambit, particularly those with roots in Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Girmitiya Diaspora and Historical Context:

Girmitiyas were indentured Indian laborers taken to British colonies such as Mauritius, Fiji, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, and parts of Southern and Eastern Africa between the 1830s and early 20th century.
The term originates from the word "agreement" (mispronounced as "girmit"), referring to their labor contracts.
India observes Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (January 9) to honor the contribution of overseas Indians, especially the Girmitiya community.

India’s Diaspora Diplomacy:

India has a 35-million-strong diaspora across 200+ countries, the largest in the world (according to UN DESA, 2020).
The government has launched initiatives such as the Global Pravasi Rishta Portal, Bharat Ko Janiye Quiz, and Know India Programme to engage youth of Indian origin abroad.
The diaspora is often referred to as Rashtradoots (ambassadors of India), reflecting their role in projecting Indian culture and values globally.