Context

• The 31st meeting of Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council was held in the national capital.
• The GST Council reduced tax rate on 23 goods and services, including movie tickets, TV/monitor screens and power banks. It also exempted frozen and preserved vegetables from the levy.
• The reduced rates are likely to come into effect from 1^st January, 2019.

About

What is GST Council?

 It is a constitutional body for making recommendations to the Union and State Government on issues related to Goods and Service Tax. It is chaired by the Union Finance Minister and other members are the Union State Minister of Revenue or Finance and Ministers in-charge of Finance or Taxation of all the States.

 How is it composed?

• As per Article 279A of the amended Constitution, the GST Council which will be a joint forum of the Centre and the States, shall consist of the following members: -
• Union Finance Minister - Chairperson;
• Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance - Member;
• Minister in charge of Finance or Taxation or any other

Minister nominated by each State Government - Members.

 What is the mandate of GST Council?

• It shall make recommendations to the Union and the States on—
• the taxes, cesses and surcharges levied by the Union, the States and the local bodies which may be subsumed in the goods and services tax;
• the goods and services that may be subjected to, or exempted from the goods and services tax;
• model Goods and Services Tax Laws, principles of levy, apportionment of Goods and Services Tax levied on supplies in the course of inter-State trade or commerce under article 269A and the principles that govern the place of supply;
• the threshold limit of turnover below which goods and services may be exempted from goods and services tax;
• the rates including floor rates with bands of goods and services tax;
• any special rate or rates for a specified period, to raise additional resources during any natural calamity or disaster;
• special provision with respect to the States of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jammu and Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand; and
• any other matter relating to the goods and services tax, as the Council may decide.
• It shall recommend the date on which the goods and services tax be levied on petroleum crude, high speed diesel, motor spirit (commonly known as petrol), natural gas and aviation turbine fuel.
• While discharging the functions conferred by this article, the Goods and Services Tax Council shall be guided by the need for a harmonized structure of goods and services tax and for the development of a harmonized national market for goods and services.
• One-half of the total number of Members of the Goods and Services Tax Council shall constitute the quorum at its meetings.
• The Goods and Services Tax Council shall determine the procedure in the performance of its functions.

How the council do takes a decision on any tax issue?

Every decision of the Goods and Services Tax Council shall be taken at a meeting, by a majority of not less than three-fourths of the weighted votes of the members present and voting, in accordance with the following principles-

• the vote of the Central Government shall have a weightage of one third of the total votes cast, and
• the votes of all the State Governments taken together shall have a weightage of two-thirds of the total votes cast, in that meeting.

Will absenteeism of any state or vacancy/ies halt the decision of the council?

No act or proceedings of the Goods and Services Tax Council shall be invalid merely by reason of—

• any vacancy in, or any defect in, the constitution of the Council; or
• any defect in the appointment of a person as a Member of the Council; or
• any procedural irregularity of the Council not affecting the merits of the case.

Is there any provision for resolving the issues arising among the different parties of the council?

The Goods and Services Tax Council shall establish a mechanism to adjudicate any dispute —

• between the Government of India and one or more States; or
• between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more other States on the other side; or
• between two or more States, arising out of the recommendations of the Council or implementation thereof.