Published: 3rd Mar, 2023
Context
The Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying has launched schemes for Genetic improvement, diseases surveillance, Aquaculture and increasing fish species.
About
- The three programmes launched includes;
- Genetic Improvement Programme of Indian White Shrimp (Penaeus indicus),
- National Surveillance Programme on Fish Diseases, launching of aquaculture insurance product and,
- A Genetic Improvement Facility.
- Need of the initiative:
- To strengthen the farmer-based disease surveillance system,
- Disease cases in fishes can be reported easily,
- For investigated and scientific support is provided to the farmers.
Status of fishing industry in India:
- India is the third largest fish producing country with a fish production of 14.73 million metric tonnes.
- India is one of the largest exporters of farmed shrimps which is around 7 lakh tonnes.
National Surveillance Programme for Aquatic Animal Diseases (NSPAAD):
- Government of India is implementing the NSPAAD since 2013.
- Aim: Scheme focuses on improving the farmer-based disease surveillance system. Thus the disease cases are reported immediately.
- Consequently, disease gets investigated and scientific support is provided to the farmers.
- Department of Fisheries sanctioned the NSPAAD: Phase-II under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana programme to continue the efforts with more intensity.
- The phase-II will be implemented at pan-India.
- The Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) and the State Fisheries Departments are anticipated to play a significant role in this crucial national surveillance programme.
The Genetic improvement program of Penaeus indicus (Indian white shrimp):
- Under the Make in India flagship programme, ICAR-CIBA has taken on the genetic enhancement of indicus, the Indian white shrimp, as a national priority.
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The shrimp farming sector mostly depends on one exotic Specific Pathogen Free stock of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) species. |
- Using indigenous feed, Indicus Plus (35% Protein), CIBA has successfully optimized breeding protocol and showed cultural potential across various geographic locations in coastal states.
- Phase-I of the program is launched under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) under the Central sector scheme to establish a National Genetic Improvement Facility for shrimp breeding.
The Genetic Improvement Facility:
- Genetic improvement of aquaculture species will provide promise in improving production.
- Strains of several species that grow faster, exhibit greater disease resistance, and have other more favourable characteristics for aquaculture have been produced through selective breeding.
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