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World Press Freedom Index

Published: 11th May, 2024

Context

The 2024 World Press Freedom Index, released by Reporters Without Borders (RSF), has placed India at 159, two ranks higher than the previous year. This news has sparked discussions about the state of press freedom in the country, particularly in the context of recent developments and government policies.

Key-findings

  • Report Title: “Asia-Pacific: press freedom under yoke of authoritarian governments”
  • India's Ranking: India's ranking in the Index has improved slightly, but RSF highlights concerns about the deteriorating press freedom situation in the country.
  • Factor responsible for poor ranking: Violence against journalists, highly concentrated media ownership, and political alignment.
  • Media Ownership and Political Alignment: RSF raises concerns about the influence of prominent business figures, like Mukesh Ambani and Gautam Adani, who have substantial media interests and close ties to the government.
  • Emergence of "Godi Media": The report points out the rise of "Godi media," referring to media outlets that mix populism and pro-government propaganda.
  • Regional Comparisons: India's press freedom ranking is juxtaposed with those of its neighbors, with some ranking slightly better (e.g., Sri Lanka, Nepal) and others worse (e.g., Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar).
  • Other findings:
    • Toppers: Norway and Denmark
    • Bottom countries: Eritrea and Syria
  • India’s take on the index: India does not agree to the RSF’s conclusions for various reasons such as very low sample size, little or no weightage to fundamentals of democracy, adoption of a questionable and non-transparent methodology.

Fact Box:

World Press Freedom Index

  • Released by: Reporters Without Borders (RSF) since 2002.
  • This annual index is a crucial advocacy tool built on the idea of state-to-state imitation.
  • The Index assigns a ranking to 180 nations and areas based on the degree of journalistic freedom that they offer.
  • It assesses the state of media freedom in each nation and region based on factors such as pluralism, media independence, journalist safety, and the caliber of the legal system.
  • May 3 is observed as the World Press Freedom Day, declared by United Nations General Assembly, in honour of the Windhoek Declaration 1991.

Reporters Without Borders 

  • Founded in: 1985
  • Headquarters: Paris, France
  • It is an international non-profit and non-governmental organization.
  • Aim: safeguarding the right to freedom of information. 
  • RSF has consultative status at the UNESCO, United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the International Organisation of the Francophonie.

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