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Shortage of DAP
Context
As the wheat sowing season in Haryana has progressed, farmers across the state are grappling with the shortage of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP). Due to this, more and more growers are opting for complexes - mainly combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, and sulphur (NPKS) in various grades.
About DAP
- DAP is a fertiliser crucial for sowing of Rabi crops like wheat and mustard.
- DAP contains 46 per cent phosphorus (P), a nutrient crops need at the early growth stage of root establishment and development.
- It also fulfils the initial need for nitrogen and sulphur in the crops.
- DAP provides critical nutrients for crops such as wheat and mustard, that are usually sowed during the months of October and November.
- Advantages:
- It provides a source of phosphorus in phosphate form, accompanied by a higher nitrogen content than MAP.
- Nitrogen is in ammonium form, which is readily-available for plant uptake.
- Higher solubility than MAP
- Drawbacks:
- It produces a higher localized pH in the soil than MAP, which can hinder seed germination and nutrient uptake under certain soil conditions.
- There is greater potential for nitrogen loss than MAP when surface-applied
- Alternatives to DAP include complex fertilisers containing nitrogen (N), P, potassium (K) and sulphur (S) in varying proportions, such as 12:32:16:0, 10:26:26:0, 20:20:0:13 and single super phosphate or SSP (0:16:0:11).
- These have much less P content compared to DAP.
- India primarily depends on imports for this essential fertiliser.
- The DAP imports are affected due to the Red Sea crisis going on since January, due to which fertiliser ships had to cover an additional distance of 6,500 kilometres through the Cape of Good Hope [circumnavigation Africa].
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