22th August 2025 (18 Topics)
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New Law for Nuclear Safety
Context:
The Government announced the Nuclear Energy Mission for Viksit Bharat, targeting 100 GW nuclear capacity by 2047, with private sector participation through amendments to the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the CLND Act, 2010.
Current Regulatory Framework
- Nuclear safety in India is regulated by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB).
- AERB issues licenses to civilian nuclear facilities, subject to compliance with safety codes, guides, and standards.
- It conducts inspections and can suspend/revoke licenses in cases of extreme non-compliance.
- AERB was constituted by the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) in 1983 and derives its powers from the Atomic Energy Act, 1962.
Proposed Changes under New Law
- Enabling private sector participation in nuclear power generation.
- Strengthening safety, security, safeguards, fuel procurement, waste management, and decommissioning.
- Establishing a new statutory regulatory framework for uniform standards and accountability.
- Task Force constituted to study ownership and operational models (Build–Own–Operate).
India’s International Commitments
- Member of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), committed to global safety standards.
- Follows the Convention on Nuclear Safety (CNS, 1994).
- Civil liability governed by the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage (CLND) Act, 2010, which incorporates the Convention on Supplementary Compensation (CSC), 1997.
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Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) Establishment & Legal Backing
Mission & Role
Functions & Jurisdiction
Regional & Research Bodies
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