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Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX)
Context
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to launch its Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX) onboard the PSLV-C60 rocket.
What is Space Docking?
- Space docking refers to the process of bringing two spacecraft together in orbit to physically link them. This technology is essential for a variety of advanced space missions, including:
- Human spaceflight missions, such as sending humans to the Moon and later bringing lunar samples back to Earth.
- Building and operating a space station, such as India’s planned Bharatiya Antariksh Station.
- Satellite servicing missions, where one spacecraft can dock with another to perform maintenance or refueling.
The SpaDeX Mission
- SpaDeX is a key mission for ISRO as it aims to demonstrate India's capability in orbital docking. If successful, it will place India alongside space giants like China, Russia, and the United States, who have already achieved docking technology.
- The mission also supports cost-effective satellite operations, especially in scenarios where multiple rocket launches are needed to achieve shared objectives.
- Key Details of the SpaDeX Mission:
- Primary Payloads: The mission involves two spacecraft—SDX01 (Chaser) and SDX02 (Target)—that will be launched into an orbit 5 km apart.
- Mission Process: Over the course of 10 to 14 days, ISRO scientists will attempt to bring the two spacecraft closer to a distance of just 3 meters before they dock at an altitude of 470 km above Earth.
- Payloads on the Spacecraft:
- SDX01 (Chaser) carries a High Resolution Camera.
- SDX02 (Target) includes a Miniature Multispectral Payload and a Radiation Monitor Payload. These payloads will help in capturing high-resolution images and monitoring natural resources and vegetation.
- Launch Vehicle: The PSLV-C60 is the rocket carrying the SpaDeX mission. It will also carry 24 secondary payloads in addition to the two primary spacecraft.
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