Approach:

• Explain briefly about coalition governments with suitable examples. (30 words) 
• Discuss how coalition governments are temporary and explain their constraints? (50 words)
• Discuss How coalition governments contribute to development in their own way?(50 words)
• Conclude by telling Ambedkar’s views on government(20 words)

Hints:

A coalition government is one in which multiple political parties come together and often reduce the dominance of the party that has won the highest number of seats. Coalition governments are formed as seldom does a political party win the necessary number of seats to form the government on its own.

In India, the first coalition government to complete its full-term was the Atal Bihari Vajpayee-led National Democratic Alliance from 1999 to 2004. Introduction of a coalition government was seen in 1977 in India. It was led by PM Morarji Desai as the first non congress PM. The 1990s decade saw a series of coalition governments. After that Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh became PM of coalition governments from 1999 till 2014 PM Modi came with a clear majority.

Temporary features of coalition and their constraints

• Decade of 1990’s was of political instability, hence Indian economy was at its lowest position and some scams emerged.
• State governments like seen in Uttarakhand and Goa become highly unstable when local politics gets involved in coalition governments.
• Political instability leads to a developmental deficit and hence creating problems for citizens.
• PM Manmohan Singh once said due to “Coalition dharma” they were not able to take strict action against multiple emerging scams against coalition partners.
• Chances of corruption get increased in coalition due to each and every party demanding its share of resources.

Contributions of coalition governments

• Coalition governments give wider representation to diverse voices within society.
• Common minimum programs done to compromise extreme ideologies ultimately help in moderating radical elements within the party, like which was seen in recent Maharashtra elections 2020.
• Despite being in coalition government PM Narsimha Rao implemented IMF reforms and made 1991 liberalisation, PM Vajpayee conducted the Pokhran test and made India a nuclear state. Hence coalition governments do not always lack courage to take decisions.
• GDP was highest at 10% during PM Manmohan Singh and that government also concluded a civil nuclear deal with the USA. Hence Coalition form of governments should not be blamed for incompetence of some particular leaders.

Conclusion:

Dr. Ambedkar said that any Constitution can be molded into the best one if leaders ruling the country have integrity towards citizens. Similarly it doesn't matter whether the government is of full majority or coalition, the leaders ruling the state should be committed towards the development of the country.