Modern History (Newer trends in National Freedom struggle and Rise of Ideologies of Socialism and Communism) by Ashutosh Nath Jha
- Category
GS-I - Test Date
14-02-2024 07:00 AM - Evaluated
Yes
Instruction:
- There will be 2 questions carrying the First Question is-10 marks Write your answers in 150 words and the Second Question is-15 marks Write your answers in 250 words.
- Any page left blank in the answer-book must be crossed out clearly.
- Evaluated Copy will be re-uploaded on the same thread after 2 days of uploading the copy.
- Discussion of the question and one to one answer improvement session of evaluated copies will be conducted through Google Meet with concerned faculty. You will be informed via mail or SMS for the discussion.
Question #1. Discuss the dynamic decades of 1920's in the national freedom movement. Evaluate it's transformative impact on the nature of Freedom movement. 10 marks (150 words)
Question #2. Discuss the evolution and impact of socialist and communist ideologies during the Indian freedom struggle. To what extent did socialist principles influence post-independence policies in India?" 15 marks (250 words)
(Examiner will pay special attention to the candidate's grasp of his/her material, its relevance to the subject chosen, and to his/ her ability to think constructively and to present his/her ideas concisely, logically and effectively).
Model Answer
Question #1. Discuss the dynamic decades of 1920's in the national freedom movement. Evaluate it's transformative impact on the nature of Freedom movement. 10 marks (150 words)
Hints
The 1920s marked a dynamic phase in the Indian national freedom movement, witnessing the influx of new ideological forces that significantly altered its nature. During this decade, revolutionary ideas gained momentum, complemented by the emergence of the Communist Party and socialist ideologies. The infusion of these thoughts added layers to the nationalist discourse, advocating for socio-economic reforms alongside political independence.
The role of women in the freedom movement also became more pronounced in the 1920s, as they actively participated in protests, marches, and campaigns. This marked a shift, expanding the movement's scope beyond conventional boundaries. Simultaneously, workers and trade unions started playing a crucial role, addressing labor issues and aligning with the larger cause of independence.
The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in 1929 was a turning point. The demand for complete independence or 'Purna Swaraj' became the central theme, showcasing the radical shift in the movement's objectives. Additionally, socialist undertones gained prominence, reflecting in the Karachi Session of 1931 and the Congress adopting a socialist pattern for the national flag.
The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC), formed in 1920, marked the entry of organized labor into the national movement, emphasizing the intertwining of economic and political aspirations. However, the period also saw challenges like communalism, as differing political interests emerged, especially in the wake of the Minto-Morley Reforms and the subsequent Communal Award.
The 1920s transformed the nature of the Indian freedom movement by diversifying its base through the inclusion of revolutionary, socialist, and feminist elements. The Lahore and Karachi Sessions and the influence of AITUC highlighted the evolving dynamics, laying the groundwork for a more comprehensive struggle for independence.
Question #2. Discuss the evolution and impact of socialist and communist ideologies during the Indian freedom struggle. To what extent did socialist principles influence post-independence policies in India?" 15 marks (250 words)
Hints
During the Indian freedom struggle, socialist and communist ideologies played a significant role in shaping the socio-political landscape. Leaders such as Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram Manohar Lohia were proponents of socialist principles, advocating for economic equality and social justice. The Communist Party of India (CPI), led by figures like Bhagat Singh and M.N. Roy, added a distinct dimension to the struggle by challenging colonial rule and highlighting the exploitation of the working class.
The impact of these ideologies was evident in the demand for land reforms to address agrarian issues and reduce economic disparities. The socialist stance resonated with the marginalized sections of society, creating a broader alliance within the nationalist movement. The Communist influence, particularly during the Quit India Movement, demonstrated a commitment to challenging not only British imperialism but also socio-economic inequalities.
Post-independence, the echoes of socialist principles reverberated in the framing of the Constitution, incorporating Directive Principles emphasizing social justice and equitable distribution of resources. The planning process in the early years after independence reflected socialist ideals, with an emphasis on state-led economic development. The focus on public sector enterprises and land reforms aimed at realizing the socialist vision of a more egalitarian society.
The evolution and impact of socialist and communist ideologies during the Indian freedom struggle were instrumental in shaping the nation's commitment to social justice and economic equality. While their influence persisted in post-independence policies, India adopted a pragmatic approach, blending socialist ideals with elements of a market economy in its developmental journey.
Procedure of Answer Writing:
To participate in the answer writing program, Register yourself for the test. Copies will be evaluated only for the registered students. Registration will be closed after the scheduled date.
Answer Writing, Copy Evaluation, and Marks Improvement Cycle:
Step 1 (Theme, Details & Its Topics):
- Every round of Answer writing initiative will be around a theme related to the Subject/Topic.
- Please read the theme and its description, and try to cover the topics given within the theme before writing the answer along with the sources.
Step 2 (Answer Writing):
- Questions will be uploaded on the portal on the scheduled date at 7:00 AM.
- You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on the UPSC pattern.
- Mention your name, email id, location, and phone number on the 1st page in the top right corner and the page number on each page.
- After writing the answers, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload them in the upload section of the same question.
- Kindly submit your written answers before 7:00 PM. Only the first 100 copies will be considered for evaluation. No request for late submission or evaluation will be entertained once the 100 mark is reached.
Note: Answer sheets without the proper guidelines given above will not be accepted for evaluation.
Step 3 (Copy Evaluation): Copies will be evaluated in the next 72 hours of the test date. After evaluation, copies will be uploaded into your account. During the copy evaluation period, doubt clearing and discussion about the theme or topic of the test with respective mentors of the test will be done in the telegram group.
Step 4 (Mentorship): Evaluated copies will be sent to you via mail and also uploaded into your account on the website. After that a mentorship session for the marks improvement with respective faculty will be conducted on the Google Meet, so that students can get a wider perspective of the topics. Here you can discuss your evaluated copies also with the faculty. Top 5 copies of every test will be shared in the telegram group for reference.
Note: Aspirants who have not written the test can also participate in the mentorship session.
For Updates and Mentorship of the session, you will be notified through SMS or Telegram Group.
Note: You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on UPSC pattern. Mention Your Name on 1st page and Page Number on each page. After writing the answer, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload in the Your Answer Copy section of the same question.
Copy submission is closed now for this test.
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