All India Survey on Higher Education

Human Resource Development (HRD) Minister released the All India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE) report for 2018-19.

• The survey, undertaken as an annual, web-based, pan-India exercise on the status of Higher Education since 2010-11, covers all the Higher Educational Institutions in the country.
• The survey collects data on several parameters like teachers, student enrolment, programmes, examination results, education finance, infrastructure, etc.
• The data collected under these parameters come handy for making informed policy decisions and conducting research in education development.
• The survey is building a sound database, which is getting updated annually as per information submitted by the institutions

Highlights of AISHE Report 2018-19

• Total enrolment in higher education has been estimated to be 37.4 million with 19.2 million male and 18.2 million female. Female constitute 48.6% of the total enrolment.
• Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in Higher education in India is 3%, which is calculated for 18-23 years of age group. GER for male population is 26.3% and for females, it is 26.4%. For Scheduled Castes, it is 23% and for Scheduled Tribes, it is 17.2% as compared to the national GER of 26.3%.
• UP and Karnataka have more female enrolment in higher education and the ratio of male students is higher than females on almost every level, except Certificate, Post Graduate and M.Phil. The female enrolment in Karnataka and UP is 50.04% and 50% respectively.
• Maharashtra has recorded the second-highest student enrolment with roughly 54.95% male and 45.05% females.
• In Rajasthan, male enrollment number is higher as compared to the females.
• UG level student enrolment is 51% males and 49% females across India.
• The top 6 States having highest student enrollment are UP, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka and West Bengal. However, when it comes to the total number of institutes, the state-wise ranking is different with UP (8077) at the top followed by Maharashtra (6662), Karnataka (5028), Rajasthan (3723), Andhra Pradesh (3540) and Tamil Nadu (3443).
• The above mentioned 6 states with the highest student enrolment have roughly 54.23% of the total student enrolment in India
• Remaining 30 States (including UTs) have only 25.76% of the total student enrolment.
• The survey covers all institutes of higher education in India, and the institutes are categorised in 3 broad categories such as College, University and Stand-alone institutes (offering Paramedical, Diploma, Hotel Management and Catering courses).
• There are a total of 993 Universities, 39931 Colleges and 10725 Stand Alone Institutions listed on the AISHE web portal and out of that, 962 Universities, 38179 Colleges and 9190 Stand Alone Institutions have responded during the survey. 298 Universities are affiliating.
• More male teachers in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in India than females, with the lowest gender proportion in Bihar.
• 4,16,299 is the total number of teachers out of which about 8 per cent are male teachers and 42.2 per cent are female teachers. In Bihar, 78.97 per cent are male teachers and 21.03 per cent are females.
• Jharkhand has 69.8 per cent male teachers and 30.2 per cent female teachers.
• UP has 32.3 per cent, female teachers.
• At All India level, there are just 73 female teachers per 100 male teachers.

Concerns

• Though female enrolment has increased but ratio of female to male teacher ratio in higher education is not favourable.
• In last 5 years, the GER of the Muslims and other minority communities has been slow. From 4.15 per cent GER of the Muslim youth (age group of 18-23 years) in 2012-13, it is just 4.90 per cent in 2016-17