What's New :
Target PT - Prelims Classes 2025. Visit Here

Can carbon capture be new hope for mitigating CO2 emissions?

Published: 21st Oct, 2022

Context

Recently, the NTPC Vindhyachal in Madhya Pradesh limited has taken an initiative to capture the carbon as electricity production by coal accounts for 40% of the CO2 emissions.

About

  • India stands third among the GHG-emitting countries in the world, emitting 2,310 megatons of CO2 in 2019.
  • These scenarios necessitate the mitigation of GHG reduction in the country to combat the effects of climate change.
  • The pioneer project of a carbon capture plant installed in NTPC Vindhyachal is in line with this, which is designed to capture 20 tonnes of CO2 per day.
  • It uses modified ‘tertiary amine’ to capture CO2 from flue gas from fossil-fired power plants, with a purity of more than 99 per cent.
  • Tertiary amine (3oamine): An amine in which the nitrogen atom is directly bonded to three carbons of any hybridization which cannot be carbonyl group carbons.
  • CO2 will eventually be integrated with hydrogen to produce 10 tonnes of methanol per day through a catalytic hydrogenation process.

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.

  • The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds.
  • Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. 
  • Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triplebonds in hydrocarbons.

  • Currently, there are no Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) projects in the pipeline in power plants for carbon capture in India.

The Carbon capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) Technique:

  • Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), also referred to as carbon capture, utilization and sequestration, is a process that captures carbon dioxide emissions from sources like coal-fired power plants and either reuses or stores it so it will not enter the atmosphere.
  • Carbon dioxide storage in geologic formations includes oiland gas reservoirs, un-mineable coal seams and deep saline reservoirs -- structures that have stored crude oil, natural gas, brine and carbon dioxide over millions of years. 
  • The Energy Department supports research and development of tools to assess the environmental fitness and predictability of future capacity within -- proposed geologic storage sites.

 

Verifying, please be patient.

Enquire Now