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Technological Innovation for Assured Water Supply

  • Categories
    Yojana/Kurukshetra
  • Published
    8th Jun, 2021
  • NSS 76th Round reported that about 87.6 6 percent of the households in the rural areas, about 90.9 percent of the households in the urban areas, and about 88.7 percent of the households in total had sufficient drinking water throughout the year from the principal source.
  • Simultaneously, the average annual per capita water availability in the years 2001 and 2011 was assessed as 1,816 cubic meters and 1,545 cubic meters respectively which may further reduce to 1,486 cubic meters and 1,367 cubic meters in the years 2021 and 2031 respectively.
  • For these reasons the Jal Jeevan Mission was announced in 2019.

JJM And Technology

  • A Dashboard for transparency has been created for monitoring village level implementation of the scheme.
  • The information of the scheme is being stored in a central JJM-Integrated Management Information System with details of cost, infrastructure, water-source each habitation in villages.
  • The use of a public fund management system (PFMS) by States/UTs is being ensured for payment in an online manner.
  • The tap water connection provided to every household is being tagged with the Aadhaar number of the head of household.
  • The challenges of effectively monitoring and managing rural water supply systems across the length and breadth of a vast and diverse country like India are daunting.
  • To address the above challenges, the JJM has advocated taking the digital route to effectively monitor water supply in each village.
  • It was decided to explore the Internet of Things (loT)based remote monitoring which provides real-time information by using sensors and communication infrastructure without any manual intervention.
  • The JJM envisions creating a Digital Wall and Remote Command and Control Center for monitoring and managing supply of good quality water every day in all of more than 19 Crore rural households of India.

Advantages of Using Technology

  • Equitable distribution of water - all clusters now get water supply (adequate quantity and pressure): recognition of low-pressure issue in two clusters led to the community installing two gate valves to regulate pressure,
  • Long term sustainability of water source: Observing the fast-depleting groundwater level on a TV screen dashboard on a real-time basis led to the awareness in the community to create rainwater harvesting structures and management of watershed,
  • Regular chlorination process at the service reservoir: ‘Visibility’ of chlorine levels on the TV screen dashboard created awareness and led to another behaviour change of getting regular disinfection done by local community operator,
  • Efficient and responsible use of water by consumers due to household level metering and reduced cost of operations through data-enabled leak detection, predictive maintenance, and automation.
  • Minimization of Non-Revenue Water (leakage and unauthorized connections), reduction in repair and maintenance costs with predictive maintenance and automation for pump, reduction in excess manpower, efficient use of resources (water and electricity), and reduction in wage loss and healthcare costs for villagers.

Initiatives for creating an ecosystem

  • In collaboration with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeiTY), a grand challenge has been launched. At present four indigenously developed solutions have emerged that are being taken for testing in village conditions at several locations in the country.
  • For assurance of water quality all the water testing laboratories under the control of rural water supply/ public health and engineering department have been opened to public for testing of water samples. The network of labs is being strengthened with 2% funds exclusively for this purpose. The accreditation and recognition of all labs by NABL is being made compulsory to ensure the quality of testing at the laboratory.
  • Further, another technology challenge has been launched with DPIIT to develop portable devices to test the quality of water. This device, when developed can be used to test the quality of water from the comfort of the house.

Conclusion

  • With a partnership with States/ UTs, the Jal Jeevan Mission is rolling out this vision to secure the availability of potable water at the household level and ensure the ‘ease of living’ of people living in rural areas.
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