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21st Livestock Census in India
Context
The Union Government launched the 21st Livestock Census in New Delhi.
What is the Livestock Census?
- Conducted every five years, the Livestock Census is a nationwide headcount of domesticated animals, poultry, and stray animals.
- It aims to gather detailed information about the species, breed, age, sex, and ownership status of these animals.
- Since its inception in 1919, a total of 20 censuses have been carried out, with the most recent one conducted in 2019.
- The enumeration for the 21st census is scheduled to take place from October 2024 to February 2025.
- Which Animals Will Be Counted? The census will encompass a diverse range of animals, with data collected on 16 species, including: Cattle, Buffalo, Mithun, Yak, Sheep, Goat, Pig, Camel, Horse, Ponies, Mule, Donkey, Dog, Rabbit, Elephant
- In total, the census will account for 219 indigenous breeds recognized by the ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR). Additionally, it will also include a headcount of various poultry birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys, geese, quails, ostriches, and emus.
- Objectives of the Livestock Census: The livestock sector plays a pivotal role in the Indian economy, providing employment opportunities in rural areas and contributing significantly to the Gross Value Added (GVA) of the agricultural sector. It accounts for about 30% of the GVA in agriculture and around 4.7% of the overall economy.
- Findings from the 2019 Livestock Census: The last census revealed a total livestock population of approximately 535.78 million in India, broken down as follows:
- Cattle: 192.9 million
- Goats: 148.88 million
- Buffaloes: 109.85 million
- Sheep: 74.26 million
- Pigs: 9.06 million
- Together, other animals constituted just 0.23% of the total livestock population.
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