A small study found that compared with adults, a higher proportion of children did not produce antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
About
About the study:
The study was carried out between May and October, 2020 at the Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
The study looked at the ability of adults and children to produce antibodies when infected with the Wuhan strain of the virus.
Whether children would exhibit the same characteristics in the case of the Delta and Omicron variants, where people tend to have far higher viral loads, is not known.
The study recruited children and adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 and their household members, and samples were collected from the throat and nose to detect the virus; blood samples were collected to measure humoral responses.
The mean cycle threshold (Ct) value for adults was 24.1 while it was 28.5 in the case of children.
The smaller the Ct value, the higher is the viral load.
However, the researchers say that when the Ct value was less than 26, both adults (90.9%) and children (80%) developed antibodies.
The findings of this cohort study suggest that among patients with mild COVID-19, children may be less likely to have seroconversion than adults despite similar viral loads.
This finding has implications for future protection after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and for interpretation of sero-surveys that involve children.
A lack of seroconversion [lack of antibodies] may result in a higher susceptibility to reinfection. This hypothesis may have important implications on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the community and the public health response.