Mains Question:
Q. India is quickly urbanising and is on track to overtake China as the world's most populated nation, which would significantly strain city infrastructure and liveability in cities. Discuss in this regard the issues being faced by the cities in adapting to the rising demand of urbanisation.
Approach:
- The question is analytical in nature.
- Introduce the status of urbanization in India with its underlying causes.
- Discuss about Global Urbanization.
- Describe the urbanization prospects in India
- World Urbanization Prospects Report by UNDESA
- State-wise Scenario
- India’s Global Commitments regarding Urban Development
- Mention the initiatives taken by Government of India
- Smart Cities
- AMRUT Mission
- Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban
- PradhanMantriAwasYojana-Urban
- PradhanMantriGaribKalyanYojana
- Significance of Urban Living
- Easier Access to Facilities (education, better health, longer life expectancy, greater access to social services and enhanced opportunities for cultural and political participation)
- Access to Information
- Individualism
- Discuss the concerns related to Infrastructure in cities
- Cities face significant challenges to mobilize the needed finance for these needs, and the financing gap is large.
- Excessive Population Pressure on cities
- Overflowing Slums
- Inadequate Housing
- Unplanned Development
- Non-Inclusive Welfare Schemes
- Rise in poverty due to COVID-19 and inflation
- Way forward
- Sustainable Urbanization for Successful Development
- Improving Access to Health Facilities & Welfare Schemes
- New Approaches for Urbanisation and effective governance are the need of the hour.
- Conclusion
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