GS SCORE

21st December 2022 (8 Topics)

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21st December 2022

QUIZ - 21st December 2022

5 Questions

5 Minutes

Mains Question:

Question: In recent times it is seen that the relevance of United Nations is declining with other organizations trying to replace it. Discuss the importance of United Nations in maintaining global order and challenges associated to keep its stronghold in world geopolitics. (200 Words)

Question Mapping

Subject:International Relations (GS-II)
- Sub-topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.

Approach:

Introduce with the formation of United Nations and its objective.
Explain the important roles UN had played in keeping global order.
Bring out the reasons for the declining significance of UNin the contemporary times.
Now explain the challenges faced by UNdue to the rise of other organizations like G20.
Conclude with the relevancy of UN and its role in maintaining peace and security over world where other organizations would fail and bring in chaos.

Editorials

Upholding the autonomy of the Election Commission

Polity & Governance

Context:

Taking a cue from the case of the appointment of Election Commissioners (EC) (the Supreme Court has reserved its judgment), this article ponders upon the autonomy of key-independent institutions.

The erosion of a ‘classical understanding’:

Classical understanding: There are three “wings” of the state: the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. However, in contemporary times, that understanding is no longer dominant.
Fourth branch institutions: Healthy constitutional democracies need “integrity institutions”, for providing infrastructure of implementation to ensure basic rights to people. Eg. ECI, CIC etc.
Need for Independent Institutions: Extensive control of the government over appointments, e.g., the Central Information Commission (CIC) has led to it becoming a largely toothless body.

Examples from overseas:

South African and Kenyan Constitutions: They have dedicated constitutional provisions for “fourth branch institutions” such as Human Rights Commissions, and Election Commissions.
South African constitutional court: It has noted that true & functional independence is effectively impossible if the power to appoint rests entirely within a single individual, office.
Indian constitutional History: Be it the appointment of judges or the CBI Director, Indian constitutional history is no stranger to the threat of executive power over appointments to independent bodies.

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