Mains Question:
Question: How climate change not only affects food security but also threatens nutrition security of world and India in particular? Also discuss the challenges faced in the soil conservation and management?
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Syllabus Mapping:
- Subject: Environmental Conservation (GS-III)
- Sub-topic: Environmental Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation
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Approach:
- Introducewith the importance of soil for ecology and humans.
- Here explain the reasons for soil erosion
- Now explain the effect of climate change on soil and how it affects food and nutrition security.
- Now enumerate the challenges associatedwith soil conservation and management.
- Conclude with the importance of UNCCDand food security which can be done through soil.
Context:
The consequences of the irreparable damage by soil degradation on human and healthy ecosystems can affect the government’s food security efforts for sustainable future.
Degradation and its consequences:
- Drivers of soil degradation: The primary sources are industrial activities, mining, waste treatment, agriculture, fossil fuel extraction, and processing and transport emissions.
- Depleting health of soil: Nearly 3.7 million hectares suffer from nutrient loss in soil. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides and irrigation with contaminated wastewater are also polluting soils.
- The area affected: Soil degradation in some form or another affects around 29% of India’s total land area.
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