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How to expand India’s forest cover
Context
Recently Forest Survey of India (FSI) published India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2021.
About
About India State of Forest Report (ISFR):
- India State of Forest Report (ISFR) is a biennial survey of India’s forests and tree resources.
- The First India State of Forest Report was published in 1987.
- The India State of Forest Report is prepared by the Forest Survey of India (FSI), which has been mandated to assess the forest and tree resources of the country.
- India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2021 is the 17th ISFR published by the Forest Survey of India (FSI).
Major Findings of ISFR 2021:
- Increase in total Forest and Tree Cover: As compared to the assessment of 2019 (ISFR-2019), there is an increase of 2,261 sq km in the total forest and tree cover of the country.
- Out of this, the increase in the forest cover has been observed as 1,540 sq km and that in tree cover is 721 sq km.
- The total forest cover of the country is 21.71% of the geographical area; the tree cover is estimated at 2.91% of the geographical area. Thus, the total forest and tree cover comes to 24.62% of the geographical area of the country.
- Increase in forest cover (Top States): Increase in forest cover has been observed in the open forest followed by very dense forests. As per ISFR-2021, the top three states showing an increase in forest cover are:
- Andhra Pradesh (647 sq km)
- Telangana (632 sq km)
- Odisha (537 sq km)
- Area-wise Forest Cover: ISFR 2021 reports that area-wise Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover in the country followed by Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Maharashtra.
- Percentage-wise Forest Cover: In terms of forest cover as a percentage of total geographical area, the top five States are:
- Mizoram (84.53%),
- Arunachal Pradesh (79.33%),
- Meghalaya (76.00%),
- Manipur (74.34%) and
- Nagaland (73.90%).
- Loss of forest cover: The northeast reported the biggest overall loss of forest cover at 1,020 sq km. Though the area has 23.75% of total forest cover, states have lost their cover:
- Mizoram (1.03%)
- Arunachal Pradesh (0.39%)
- Manipur (1.48 %)
- Meghalaya (0.43%)
- Nagaland (1.88%)
This decline caused by natural calamities, shifting agriculture and deforestation will affect the region’s water resources and will have an increased effect on landslides.
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