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India's first unmanned Earth satellite 'Aryabhata' shot into space on April 19, 1975
Context
April 19 is a special day for India's space mission, as on this day in 1975, India's first unmanned Earth satellite, Aryabhata, was shot into space.
About
Aryabhata
- The Aryabhata spacecraft, named after the famous Indian astronomer, was India's first satellite.
- It was completely designed and fabricated in India and launched by a Soviet Kosmos-3M rocket from Kapustin Yar on April 19, 1975.
|
Mission |
Scientific/ Experimental |
|
Weight |
360 kg |
|
On board power |
46 Watts |
|
Communication |
VHF band |
|
Stabilization |
Spinstabilize |
|
Payload |
X-ray Astronomy Aeronomy & Solar Physics |
|
Launch date |
April 19, 1975 |
|
Launch site |
Volgograd Launch Station (presently in Russia) |
|
Launch vehicle |
C-1 Intercosmos |
|
Orbit |
563 x 619 km |
|
Inclination |
50.7 deg |
|
Mission life |
6 months(nominal), Spacecraft mainframe active till March,1981 |
|
Orbital Life |
Nearly seventeen years (Re-entered on February 10,1992) |
- India became world's 11th nation and the second developing country after China to orbit a satellite.
- The mission was X-ray astronomy for the detection and study of X-ray emission from outer space, study of solar neutron and gamma rays emanating from the sun, and study of aeronomy including ionosphere.
- All faces (except the top and bottom) were covered with solar cells. A power failure halted experiments after 4 days in orbit.
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