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23rd September 2024 (9 Topics)

India needs a 'National Security Strategy'

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Context

The demand for a national security strategy in India is gaining momentum as regional instability increases, with historical rivals enhancing their military capabilities and new alliances remaining uncertain. Simultaneously, India aims to achieve its economic ambition of becoming a USD 4 trillion economy amid global disruptions from ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza, necessitating prioritization of resources for national security.

Defining National Security

  • Varied Interpretations: National security encompasses different meanings for various states and evolves over time, reflecting unique geopolitical contexts.
  • S. Approach: The U.S. views national security as a combination of values and national interests, emphasizing economic strength while maintaining democratic principles.
  • Need for a Unified Strategy: India requires a coherent national security strategy that integrates defense, finance, and climate change, tailored to its specific threats and vulnerabilities.

Multi-Alignment Strategy

  • Shift from Non-Alignment: India’s previous non-alignment stance has transformed into "multi-alignment," engaging with multiple powers for potential support, particularly against China.
  • Role of Alliances: Engagements like the Quad signify India's strategic partnerships, while BRICS illustrates a cautious approach to maintain economic ties without full dependence on the West.
  • Limitations in Defense: India’s defense capabilities, particularly in naval strength, highlight the challenges faced in countering threats from adversaries like China.

Strategic Document Necessity

  • Secrecy in Strategy: A national security document must address sensitive threats and weaknesses while avoiding public disclosures that could jeopardize strategic initiatives.
  • Economic Integration: The strategy should link national security to economic priorities, guiding industry and financial institutions toward cohesive objectives.
  • Recommendations for Clarity: Simplifying the document and keeping it confidential are essential, as public disclosures could reveal strategic intentions to adversaries.
Practice Question

Critically evaluate the necessity of a comprehensive national security strategy for India, considering its implications for defense, economic stability, and international relations in the current geopolitical landscape.

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