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18th November 2024 (10 Topics)

India's Tuna Export Growth

Context

In 2023-24, India’s tuna fish exports increased by 31.83%. This growth has prompted the government to explore new areas for sourcing tuna, with a particular focus on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The global market for tuna is valued at USD 41.94 billion, and the Indian Ocean is the second-largest tuna-producing region in the world, responsible for 21% of global tuna production. 

Andaman and Nicobar Islands as a Potential Tuna Hub:

  • The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are being targeted as a potential hub for tuna fishing and export. The Union Fisheries Department sees the region as having a lot of untapped potential.
  • According to the department, the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) around the islands has a variety of tuna species. The estimated potential yield is 64,500 tonnes of tuna annually from these waters.
  • Expected Tuna Species and Quantities: The department expects the following tuna species to be available for export annually from the region:
    • Yellowfin tuna: 24,000 tonnes
    • Skipjack tuna: 22,000 tonnes
    • Bigeye tuna: 500 tonnes
    • Neritic tuna: 18,000 tonnes
  • India’s Current Tuna Export Statistics: In the 2023-24 period, India exported 51,626 tonnes of tuna, valued at USD 87.96 million.
  • Challenges in Tuna Fishing in Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Despite the high demand for tuna, the tuna fishing sector in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is underdeveloped and underutilized.
    • Lack of modern fishing technologies,
    • Inadequate infrastructure for fishing, processing, and storage,
    • Limited access to fish processing
  • Significance: Tuna fishing, processing, and exports are expected to generate significant employment for local communities, especially in: Fishing jobs, Processing unit workers, and Entrepreneurs in related sectors like storage, transport, and distribution.
  • Tuna is also a crucial source of protein for local island communities, many of whom have limited access to other food sources.

Fact Box: India’s Fisheries Sector

  • India stands 2nd in global fish production after China
  • The fisheries sector supports around 30 million people, especially from marginalized communities in India.
  • As the world’s second-largest fish producer, India achieved a record production of 17.5 million tonnes in 2022-23, contributing 8% to global fish production.
  • The sector’s significance is highlighted by its 1.09% contribution to India’s Gross Value Added (GVA) and over 6.724% to India’s agricultural GVA.
  • Government Initiatives for fisheries sector
    • Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
    • Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF)
    • Blue Revolution
    • Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PMMKSSY)

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