Published: 18th Apr, 2022
Context
UNESCO has released a new global education report titled as “Leave no child behind: Global Report on boys’ disengagement from education”. This report focused on the gender parity and uneven distribution of accessibility of education for different sections of the society.
Background
- COVID-19 Pandemic has widened the gap of gender inequality and accessibility of education among different gender.
- Pandemic has also induced the school dropout rates for all the genders in the every country irrespective of the GDP status of the country.
Analysis
Key-findings of the report:
- Boys are more likely than girls to repeat primary grades in 130 out of 142 countries.
- Around 132 million boys of primary and secondary school age are out of school
- It also stated that boys are more likely than girls to experience physical bullying and are often targeted because of their real or perceived sexual orientation and gender identity or expression (SOGIE)
- In 57 countries boys are falling behind the girls at primary as well as secondary level.
Factors responsible for boy’s disengagement from schools
- Harsh discipline
- Corporal punishment
- Gendered norms
- Poverty and the need to work
- Streaming of classes and gender segregation contributes to boys’ low motivation, underachievement and disengagement from education.
- Language barrier
- Mobility
- Discrimination
- Forced migration
Other major findings and suggestions:
- At the global level no country has achieved gender parity at tertiary level.
- Advance equal access to education can rule the gender disparity in the accessibility of education
- New norms and education policy to secure the Right To Education for boys’
- Education rights should be secured for all the gender irrespective of their sexual orientation. Segregation of gender cannot bipolar it should be multipolar.
Problems with India’s education system
- Poor access to high-quality education
- Fear of exams instead of Real learning
- Suboptimal Pupil-to-Teacher ratio
- Lack of infrastructure
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Important Constitutional provisions Education was sole responsibility of state till 1976 but constitutional amendment made it concurrent subject. Fundamental Rights
Directive Principles:
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Recent government schemes for Education
- New India Literacy Programme: The Government approved a new scheme “New India Literacy Programme” for the period FYs 2022-2027 to cover all the aspects of Adult Education to align with National Education Policy 2020.
- The Scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Education in convergence with various Ministries and Departments to implement the scheme.
- It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
- National Education Policy: The NEP 2020 is is the first education policy of the 21st century and replaces the thirty-four year old National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986.
- United Nation’s E9 initiative: In April 2021, India joined theUnited Nation’s E9 initiative, whose purpose is to create an initiative on digital learning and skills, targeting marginalised children and youth, especially girls.
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Other major initiatives
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Conclusion
Covid pandemic has introduced a new dimension of gender disparity in the society which barred the fruit of education in a gender neutral manner. Anew revised gender neutral policy is utmost important to reduce the gap of the gender parity. Gender neutral should not focus on the two genders rather it should be neutral irrespective of sexual orientation of the students
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