Published: 23rd Aug, 2021
Context
As per a latest report by the National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR) under the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences, 27% of coastline expanded between 1990 and 2018.
Key-highlights of the situation
- As much as 32 per cent of India’s coastline underwent sea erosion and 27 per cent of it expanded between 1990 and 2018.
- The country’s coastline is 6,631.53 kilometres long:
- Erosion: 2,135.65 kilometres was subject to varying degrees of erosion
- Expansion: 1,760.06 km expanded during this period.
- Stable: Nearly 2,700 km of the coastline is stable.
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Coastline underwent erosion |
Coast expanded state-wise |
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Factors and Causes of Soil Erosion
- Human Induced factors
- Faulty farming systems
- deforestation caused by overgrazing
- clearance of land for agricultural purposes
- construction, dam construction
- diversion of the natural course of rivers
- mining activities
Rainfall Intensity and Runoff
- The impact of raindrops break up the soil and water build-up creates runoff, taking sediment with it.
Why more Erosion in eastern coast rather than western coast?
- The eastern coast underwent more erosion due to frequent cyclonic activities from Bay of Bengal in the past three decades, compared to the western coast, which remained largely stable.
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National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR)
The following organizations also undertake studies on shoreline changes / coastal erosion and their impact.
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