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Sacrilege in Sikhism

Published: 27th Dec, 2021

Context

The argument about sacrilege in Sikhism — and the proper punishment for such behavior — has flared up again in recent years as a result of many cases.

  • The lynching of a man for allegedly attempting to damage the Guru Granth Sahib at the Golden Temple fuels an already smoldering dispute.

About

Sacrilege or ‘beadbi’ in Sikhism

  • The Guru Granth Sahib is considered to be a living Guru in
  • Because the Guru is regarded as a living entity, any violence or disrespect towards it is a significant offense for Sikhs.
  • Beadbi means being disrespectful towards Guru Granth Sahib. When sacrilege is verbal, it is called blasphemy and when it is physical, it is known as desecration.

What is considered as sacrilege (beadpi)?

  • Sacrilege also includes alterations to Sikh religious traditions and customs, as well as distortions of the Gurus' histories.
  • The Guru Granth Sahib is considered the true king. He treats his darbar as if it were an emperor, and all darbar etiquette and discipline must be adhered to.
  • In a gurudwara, one must cover one's head, dress appropriately, go barefoot, and adhere to correct manners. Any act that violates the Guru's sacredness and authority is considered beadbi.

Punishable Act

  • Police in Punjab use Sections 295 and 295A of the IPC to prosecute all sacrilege cases.
  • Section 295 carries a two-year jail sentence for destroying, damaging, or defiling a "place of worship" or "any object held sacred".

What else is sacred?

  • Aside from the Guru Granth Sahib, the 'gurdwara' (literally, the dwelling of the guru) and the things used in the Guru's service are sacrosanct.
  • The 'dastaar' or 'pagri', the headdress worn by Sikhs, is also revered, as is the 'kirpan', the sword carried by baptized members.
  • Sikhs' hair and beards are likewise sacred, and touching or abusing them is considered sacrilege.
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