Context

The government has released a detailed report of Tiger Census on the eve of Global Tiger Day.

About

• Global Tiger Day is an annual celebration to raise awareness for tiger conservation, held annually on 29 July. It was created in 2010 at the Saint Petersburg Tiger Summit.
• Name of the report: ‘Status of Tigers, Co-predators and Prey in India Report’.
• The detailed report assesses the status of tigers in terms of spatial occupancy and density of individual populations across India.
• In addition to the summary report released by the Prime Minister of India on the "Status of Tigers in India" in July 2019, this detailed report compares information obtained from the earlier three surveys (2006, 2010, and 2014) with data obtained from the 2018-19 survey to estimate population trends at country and landscape scales, patch colonization and extinction rates along with information on likely factors responsible for changes in tiger status at the fine spatial resolution of 100 km.
• The report evaluates the status of habitat corridors connecting major tiger populations and highlights vulnerable areas that require conservation attention for each landscape.
• The report provides information on major carnivores and ungulates regarding their distribution and relative abundance.
• The detailed report of the 4^th All India Tiger Estimation is unique in the following ways;
  • Abundance index of co-predators and other species has been carried out which hitherto was restricted only to occupancy
    
    

St. Petersburg Declaration on Tiger Conservation The Heads of the Governments of Tiger Range countries at St. Petersburg, Russia, had resolved to double tiger numbers across their global range by 2022 by signing the St. Petersburg declaration on tiger conservation. It was also decided to celebrate July 29 as Global Tiger Day across the world, which is since, being celebrated to spread and generate awareness on tiger conservation. 13 tiger range countries India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand and Vietnam

• • Sex ratio of tigers in all camera trap sites has been carried out for the first time.
  • Anthropogenic effects on tiger population have been elaborated in a detailed manner.
  • Tiger abundance within pockets in tiger reserves has been demonstrated for the first time.
• India’s tiger population now stands at 2967 which is 70 percent of the global tiger population.
• Efforts are been made to provide water and fodder to animals in the forest itself to deal with the challenge of human-animal conflict which is causing deaths of animals.
  • For this LIDAR based survey technology will be used for the first time. (Lidar is a method for measuring distances by illuminating the target with laser light and measuring the reflection with a sensor.)